日本偏鄉教育師資培育之發展：從職前培訓到在職進修

Developing Teachers for Rural Education in Japan: From Pre-service Programs to In-service Training

隨著日本人口減少，許多偏鄉學校面臨縮減規模、合併或裁撤的命運。然而，近年政策趨勢逐漸肯認偏鄉小型學校的優勢，並致力於保存其歷史經驗與教育價值。本文探討偏鄉教育的過去與現況、典範轉移的必要性，以及教師專業發展的創新途徑。文中介紹北海道教育大學附設偏遠與小規模學校教育研究所（HUE RISE），作為一個在偏鄉教育研究以及師資培育（包含職前與在職教師專業發展方面扮演核心角色的重要機構。HUE RISE研究團隊透過廣泛文獻分析，提出對偏鄉教育的關鍵觀點與論述。本文最後指出，HUE RISE應持續培育具備高度動機與專業能力的教師，以因應偏鄉小型學校所面臨的挑戰，並將寶貴的知識與經驗推廣至全國。

Japan’s declining population has led to the downsizing, merger, and closure of many rural schools. Yet recent policy trends increasingly recognize the advantages of rural small schools and seek to preserve lessons learned from their history. This paper examines the past and present state of rural education, the need for a paradigm shift, and innovative approaches to teacher development. The Hokkaido University of Education’s Research Institute for Remote and Small School Education (HUE RISE) is introduced as a central institution engaged in research and in providing development opportunities for both pre-service and in-service teachers. Drawing on diverse literature, the HUE RISE research team offers essential analyses of rural education. The paper concludes that HUE RISE should continue fostering motivated teachers capable of addressing the challenges of small rural schools and disseminating valuable knowledge and experience nationwide.