捷克共和國的教育：經驗省思與未來發展方向

Education in Czech Republic: Lessons Learned and Ways to go.

捷克共和國的教育發展脈絡，隨著1989年政治體制的轉變以及其後社會各層面的改革而產生重大變化。本文探討約自2000年至今，捷克教育體系所面臨的主要挑戰，以及為回應這些挑戰所推動的關鍵政策與計畫；並進一步反思這些措施是否達成預期成效，若未能完全成功，其主要障礙為何，或目前仍然存在的困境為何。本文首先回顧過去30年間，捷克在國際教育標準分類（ISCED）第0至第3級教育階段的發展概況，接著分析數項重要教育政策文件及其所引發的課綱改革。研究中另闢專節探討師資培育與教師在職進修體系。此外，本文亦著重分析COVID-19疫情對教育體系所造成的影響，並評析近年教育領域的最新倡議，例如「新進教師能力架構」（Competency Framework for the Graduate Teacher）以及人工智慧（AI）在教育中的導入與應用。透過對國際教育體系異同的批判性討論，本文旨在突顯教育體系在形塑其所孕育之社會中所扮演的重要角色。

The context of education in the Czech Republic changed following the shift in political regime in 1989 and the subsequent reforms across all sectors of society. This article examines the major challenges faced by the education system from approximately 2000 to the present day, as well as the key projects designed to address these issues. Were these initiatives successful? If not, what were—or still are—the main obstacles? After providing an overview of the development of education at ISCED 0-3 levels over the past 30 years, we analyse several key policy documents and the curriculum reforms that followed. A section of this study is dedicated to teacher training and continuous education. Additionally, we emphasize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and offer commentary on the most recent initiatives in the education sector, such as the Competency Framework for the graduate teacher or the implementation of AI in education. By critically contributing to the international discussion on the similarities and differences between education systems, we seek to highlight their significance in shaping the societies that create them.