路寒袖〈慈悲的跤步〉語言分析

A linguistic analysis of Lu Han-shiou’s“tsu5-pi1 e5 kha1-poo7”

路寒袖韻文詩〈慈悲的跤步〉，描寫庄民虔誠「迎gia5媽祖」繞境出巡，媽祖也用慈悲跤步走遍大小村落，照顧所有延頸期盼的信徒，甚至保佑圳溝庄頭，讓囡仔大細每年平安過日子。本文以路氏該詩18段詩句為對象，從語言學角度做詳細分析探討，先將詩文全部詞彙，依據語法學逐一分類，再對每個詞做「構詞分析」，藉以瞭解詞彙結構梗概；其次這些台語詩的詞彙，所使用漢字出現的「本字、訓讀字」、「假借字、後起造字」，對部分詞語因語素與語義結合產生的問題，做分析解釋；其次分析該詩「押韻」現象，藉以明白全首詩押韻或換韻的所以然；最後對該詩「音節節奏」與「音高節奏」的安排，試做一些語音學的合理解讀；最後一小節「修辭應用」，則先以語法結構分析做引路，再說明詩句修辭與詩意的適當性。

The poetic work“tsu5-pi1 e5 kha1-poo7”by Lu Han-shiou depicts devout villagers as they“gia5媽祖”(welcome Matsoo, the sea goddess of Taiwan, during a religious pilgrimage. Matsoo herself walks through every village with compassionate steps, caring for all the devoted worshippers who eagerly await her blessings. Her protection extends to the entire town, ensuring that children of all ages live peacefully year after year. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the eighteen stanzas of Lu's poem from a linguistic perspective. First, it categorizes all the words in the poem according to grammatical rules and performs a morphological analysis on each word to understand the basic structure of the vocabulary. It then examines the use of Chinese characters, including original characters, explanatory characters, phonetic loan characters, and newly created characters, and also analyzes the issues arising from the combination of morphemes and semantics. Following this, the study examines the“rhyme”phenomena in the poem to understand the reasons behind the use of rhyme and rhyme variations. Finally, it offers some reasonable phonological interpretations of the“syllable rhythm”and“pitch rhythm”arrangements in the poem. The last section, ''Rhetorical Application,”begins with a grammatical structure analysis, clarifying the appropriateness of rhetorical devices and the poetic meaning in the verses.