國家考試彰顯之人權意義   全文下載

The Significance of Manifesting Human Rights in the National Examination System

考選部林部長嘉誠自2004年5月起就任，迄今即將屆滿4年，細數其任內重要政績，推動部內知識管理、擴大辦理電腦化測驗、推動網路報名、考選法規鬆綁等都是信手拈來的具體成績。其中尤以法規鬆綁，最具有人權保障之象徵意義，比如考試性別設限多數取消，少數保留分列男女錄取名額者，成立性別平等諮詢委員會嚴格審查其限制必要性；考試程序之體格檢查予以刪除或是放寬檢查標準；應考年齡上限刪除或是予以提高等，如此人權保障得以從理論架構和憲法條文，融入考試規則中落實實施。此外逐步採用代表性文官制度精神，將不定期舉辦之身心障礙人員特考、原住民族特考，協調各用人機關積極查報缺額，俾能每年定期舉行，以落實照顧弱勢族群，並充分反映社會組成之結構比例。換言之，代表性之意義應併同擇優錄取價值來整體思考，所以文官甄補並非以形式公平及行政效率作為惟一檢驗標準。

Minister of Examination, Dr. Chia-Cheng Lin, has served four full years since his appointment in May 2004. Among his numerous accomplishments while serving in this capacity, knowledge management (KM) promotion, expanded administration of computerized testing, promotion of online registration, and easing of Ministry regulations come readily to mind.
Easing of Ministry regulations is particularly emblematic of the safeguarding of human rights. For instance, the majority of restrictions related to gender have been eliminated, with explicit quotas for male and female candidates given only in select cases where applicable; the Consultative Committee for Gender Equality in National Examinations was established to carefully review the necessity of restrictions; physical examination requirements were eliminated from examination procedures or standards eased; maximum age restrictions on examination candidates were revoked or raised. In each case, these measures were integrated from theoretical framework and constitutional articles into regulations governing examinations, thereby safeguarding human rights.
Of additional note, the Ministry has progressively enhanced the representative nature of the civil service system, regularly administering Civil Service Special Examinations for indigenous peoples and the handicapped, actively working with employing agencies to report quotas to be fulfilled. The administration of regular annual examinations thereby safeguards the rights of disadvantaged groups and fully reflects their proportionate representation in society. In other words, representative significance should be considered as part of a whole along with selection of qualifiers according to level of achievement, so that civil servant recruitment does not hinge on any given single review criterion such as egalitarian formality or administrative efficiency.