日本大學創新創業教育改革之考察：以筑波大學為例

A Study of Innovation and Entrepreneurial Education Reforming in Japanese Universities: A Case of the University of Tsukuba

日本近年積極透過改善國內創新創業環境，鼓勵新創事業的成長，以帶動日本社會經濟的成長轉型，期待創造日本高度經濟成長後的「第二波創業潮」，實現「社會5.0」的願景。大學在此過程中被期待扮演技術創新及人才培育的重要角色。本文聚焦於人才培育，透過文獻回顧，分析近年日本高等教育推動創新創業教育趨勢；並以筑波大學為例，實地訪問該校國際產學合作本部之「創業家教育部門」，考察其實踐策略。本文發現近年日本創新創業教育改革有三項特色：「強調廣義的創業家精神」、「創新創業教育與新創輔導的連續支持體制」、「積極融入區域新創生態圈」。最後提出對我國未來推動創新創業教育的啟示。

In recent years, Japan has actively fostered the development of technological innovation and startup enterprises by implementing measures to enhance the domestic environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship. Within this context, the higher education sector has been entrusted with significant responsibilities in nurturing talents. This study aims to explore the recent advancements in the promotion of innovation and entrepreneurial education within Japanese higher education, with specific focus on the strategies employed by the University of Tsukuba, the stronghold of entrepreneurship education in the Tsukuba Science City. The findings of this study reveal the existence of three distinctive features characterizing the recent reform initiatives in innovation and entrepreneurial education in Japan, namely the "promotion of entrepreneurship in a comprehensive sense as a fundamental competency for graduates," "the establishment of a cohesive and seamless support system encompassing innovation, entrepreneurial education, and startup incubation," and "the proactive engagement of universities in the role of educational hubs within the regional startup ecosystem." Lastly, some recommendations for the future of innovation and entrepreneurial education in Taiwan were addressed.