政策移植研究對教育政策制定的啟示

The Enlightenment of Policy Transfer Research to Educational Policy Making

政策移植在全球化的今日，已成為常態，尤其是邊陲國家常常模仿先進國家的政策，希望借由移植標的政策促使本國的經濟發展與社會進步。但忽略本國的環境脈絡因素，進行盲目的移植，不僅無法學習他國的經驗，反而因為水土不服而造成反效果。因此，對於政策移植的性質必須了解，方可擷長補短，俾利國計民生。本文分別就述政策移植的意義、內涵、優缺點、面對的問題等，加以說明。接著闡述Dolowitz與Marsh的分析架構，最後則以：1.政策移植已成常態化，2.政策移植具多元性質，3.政策移植有其正面的意義，有其負面的影響，此三點結論做為本文的結束。

Policy transfer has become the norm in today's globalized world. Peripheral countries in particular often imitate the policies of advanced countries, It is hoped that the country's economic development and social progress will be promoted through the target policy of transplanting. But ignore the contextual factors of the country's environment, to make blind transfer, not only can't learn from the experience of other countries, on the contrary, it has the opposite effect because of the Improper transplant. Therefore, we must understand the nature of policy transfer in order to learn from each other's strengths and make up for our shortcomings, so as to benefit the national economy and the people's livelihood. This article explains the significance, connotation, advantages and disadvantages, and problems faced by policy transplantation respectively. Then it elaborates the analysis framework of Dolowitz and Marsh, and finally concludes this article with three conclusions.