新管理主義下臺灣師資培育品質保證政策的發展與省思

The Development and Reflection of the Quality Assurance Policy for Teacher Preparation in Taiwan Based on the New Managerialism

基於1994年臺灣施行《師資培育法》走向市場競爭的多元培育師資模式，本文特以影響教育與師資培育政策甚鉅的新管理主義，分析臺灣師資培育品質保證政策與機制，並進行反思。根據新管理主義重視服務、效能、標準、績效的理念，臺灣也如國際般發展師資培育品質保證政策，至2017年完善各種機制，包括教師專業標準、教師資格考試、教育實習制度、師資培育評鑑等，可謂品質保證系統。本研究透過與新管理主義的對比以及相關研究文獻發現，臺灣師資培育品質保證政策的發展深受社會政治脈絡影響、品質保證機制同樣面臨能否確保教師素質的質疑、雖符應新管理主義的治理但有長期內化規範與惰性現象，以及政府內部影響決策因素值得釐清等結果。

"The 'Teacher Preparation Act' in 1994 leading Taiwan’s teacher preparation toward the diversified model and market competition, the study analyzed and reflected on Taiwan’s teacher preparation quality assurance policies and mechanisms based on the new managerialism that has greatly influenced education and teacher preparation policies since the 1980s. According to the new managerialism, which emphasis on quality service, efficiency, standards, and accountability, Taiwan has developed a quality assurance policy for teacher preparation in line with an international development. After 2017, various mechanisms had been developed and improved as a system of quality assurance, including teacher professional standards, teacher qualification examinations, educational practicum, and teacher education evaluation, etc. Through a comparison with the new managerialism and related research results, the findings were that the development of quality assurance policies for teacher preparation in Taiwan was deeply influenced by the social and political context, and the quality assurance mechanism also faces doubts that it could truly ensure the quality of teachers. Although it took a long-term effect in line with the governance of new managerialism, but universities with teacher preparation internalized governance norm and inertia revealed should be noticed, as well as the factors that influence decision-making within the government, deserve to be clarified."