國民黨立法院黨團的黨鞭制度：比較的觀點

Party Whips System of KMT's Caucus in the Legislative Yuan: A Comparative Perspective

在英、美國會黨鞭的運作經驗及研究上，本文比較並探究國民黨立法院黨團黨鞭制度的內容與變遷過程。發現該黨團黨鞭的功能與英、美國家類似，但組織規模較小；選拔方式最初由中央黨部指派，後改為立法委員票選產生；職務發展有爬梯的情形，但大部分為玩票者與從事者，只有極少數為真正的爬梯者。另外，並指出影響國民黨團黨鞭制度及其運作的主要因素有二，一是國民黨的政黨屬性，導致中央黨部主導並控制立法院黨團。二是政治環境的變遷，包括1992年立法院全面改選與2000年政黨輪替，使國民黨團黨鞭制度出現變革。

Under the operational experience and researches of the British and United States congress, this paper attempts to comparative and explore the party whip system of KMT's caucus in the Legislative Yuan, and it emphasis on its institutional contents and changing process. First, this paper finds that the function of KMT's whip is similar to the British and United States, but the organizational scope is smaller. In early periods, the selection of KMT's whip is dominated by party headquarters, and to elect by ballot later. The career development of KMT's whip is appear ladder-climbing, but most of the members are dabblers and whippers, only a few members are ladder climbers. Second, this paper points out the factors that affects the institution and operation of KMT's whip. One factor is the party attribute, in order to party headquarters control the caucus. The second factor is environment change, that the entirely re-election of the Legislative Yuan in 1992, and the party transition in 2000 to bring the institutional change of KMT's whip.