戰後臺灣政商關係探析

An Analysis of Taiwan's Political and Business Relations after the War

在臺灣，政商關係是盤根錯節的，政商關係常引來批評，卻又揮之不去。很多官員，未發跡之前就經營政商關係；有些官員當官後，主動攀結政商關係；不管主動或被動，政商關係總是很難避免。戰後臺灣，創造並經歷了所謂的經濟奇蹟，也完成了政黨輪替的政治轉型，政商關係究竟趨於良性發展與或走向惡質腐化，是企業倫理應省思的重要問題。臺灣在威權體制之下，政商關係還算單純。李登輝主政時代，政商關係漸趨複雜；2000年政黨輪替後，政商關係又變得更為複雜。隨著兩岸交流下的展開，許多臺商前往中國大陸投資。在中國大陸的臺商，由於他們的利益既與臺灣島內相關，也與大陸密切聯繫，從而使他們的角色顯得非常特殊，這也衍生出另一種新型的政商關係。本文不針對個案進行探討，而是以宏觀的角度，分析戰後臺灣的政商關係，尤其是解嚴以後的政商關係，全文由：黨國體制下的政商關係、企業與選舉及其後遺症、兩岸交流下的政商關係等方面進行論述，文末再就：企業財團的政治傾向問題、關於企業的社會責任、杜絕旋轉門、嚴防「財經幫」、施政透明化的重要等稍加補充論述，希望透過本研究，能提供一種觀察戰後臺灣政商關係的方式與態度。

In Taiwan, political and business relations are intertwined, and political and business relations often attract criticism, but they are lingering. Many officials have run political and business relations before they have made their marks. Some officials have taken the initiative to climb political and business relations after they have become officials. Whether active or passive, political and business relations are always difficult to avoid. After the war, Taiwan created and experienced the so-called economic miracle, and also completed the political transformation of political party rotation. The relationship between political and business relations tends to be benign development or to go against evil and corrupt, which is an important issue for corporate ethics. Under the authoritarian system in Taiwan, the relationship between politics and business is fairly simple. In the era of Lee Teng-hui's administration, the relationship between politics and business has become more complicated. After the rotation of political parties in 2000, the relationship between politics and business has become more complicated. With the development of cross-strait exchanges, many Taiwanese businessmen have invested in mainland China. Taiwanese businessmen in mainland China, because of their interests, are closely related to the island of Taiwan and to the mainland, thus making their roles very special, which also leads to another new type of political and business relationship. This article does not discuss cases, but analyses the political-business relationship in Taiwan after the war from a macro perspective, especially the relationship between politics and business after the martial law. The full text is: political and business relations under the party-state system, enterprises and elections and their aftermath, cross-strait exchanges, The political and business relations and other aspects are discussed at the end of the article: the political tendency of the corporate consortium, the social responsibility of the enterprise, the elimination of the revolving door, the prevention of the ''financial help'', the importance of transparency in governance, etc. Research can provide a way and attitude to observe the political and business relations in Taiwan after the war.