中文摘要 |
本研究旨在從主動學習(AL)的觀點來審視臺灣大專校院日語系學生在日本實習(赴日實習)之相關議題,並探討解決方案。議題為(1)實務負擔重;(2)校內課堂上學生之質量與數量下降;(3)實習的必要性和價值為何;(4)學校、學生與實習機構之不妥搭配;(5)實習機構的數量擴張與多樣化之必要性;(6)大專校院的地位和存在意義。研究結果指出以下結論:(1)赴日實習是AL的一種形式,也是為培養能順應時代變化和現代社會所需人才及促進學生從學校順利進入社會轉銜之有效方法。赴日實習亦是課程,大專校院需要依合作學習理論改善組織結構、制度、法規以及態度。(2)系上有必要管理人力資源和活動時間,人才培育需要有系統性、跨領域性的課程規劃。(3)赴日實習應該不僅對形式,更需要對學習品質;即學習深度重視。赴日實習的優點為能將“衝突"與“矛盾"有效地融入到課程設計與活動中,以便提升學生之學習動機以及創造新智慧的機會。(4)系上需要提高學生前往實習的準備度,並將學生和實習機構妥善連結,提供彼此的資訊。學校、學生與實習機構需要有對實習理念、條件、待遇、內容及學習目標等的共識。(5)與增加實習機構的數量比較,學生在實習的目標和評量的個別化更為重要。(6)有必要建立一個將日本實習的成果回饋給臺灣社會的策略,大專校院需要透過將學生與社會的連結,與社會共同培育人才,滿足社會的人才需求,且將教育和研究的成果回饋給社會,成為能對社會做出貢獻的教學研究機構。
This study explores the issues associated with internship programs in Japan (IPJ) for students in Taiwanese higher education institutions (HEI) from the perspective of Active Learning. In this study, the following issues are discussed; (1) the large practical burden for IPJ, (2) the decrease of students in the classes of HEI, (3) questions about the necessity and value of IPJ, (4) the mismatch between HEI, students, and IPJ sites, (5) the need for quantitative expansion and diversification of IPJ sites, and (6) the position and significance of HEI and their classes. Results indicated the following points; (1) Based on the theory of cooperative learning, it is essential for HEI to make continuous efforts to improve their organizational systems, regulations, and attitudes. (2) It is necessary for departments to manage human resources and the time appropriately, and to develop human resources systematically throughout the curriculum. (3) The advantage of IPJ is that teachers can effectively integrate ''conflicts'' and ''contradictions'' into curriculum design in order to enhance students' learning motivation and create opportunities for new wisdom. (4) Departments need to improve the readiness of students for IPJ, and to pay careful attention to matching students with IPJ sites. (5) Individualization of achievement goals and assessments in IPJ is more important than the expansion of IPJ sites. (6) It is necessary to establish a system to return the outcomes of IPJ to Taiwanese society. |