四至六年級聽障小學生漢語語音意識的實驗研究

An Experimental Study on Chinese Phonological Awareness of Primary School Pupils with Hearing Impairment

本研究採用由聲母、韻母、聲調同音判斷以及音素刪除任務組成的漢語語音意識測驗工具，測試4-6年級聾校聽障學生、普校隨班就讀CI術後聽障學生以及同齡健聽學生共135名被試的語音意識。實驗結果顯示：1）各組被試學生之間漢語語音意識總體水準呈顯著差異，由低到高的排序依次為：聾校學生＜隨班就讀CI術後聽障學生＜健聽學生。2）四、五、六年級各組被試的語音意識水準隨年級不斷升高而有整體變化的趨勢。同一年級隨班就讀CI術後聽障學生的語音意識水準高於聾校聽障學生。3）語音意識各任務維度之間的差異顯著，4-6年級聽障學生語音意識呈現出：韻母意識>聲母意識>聲調意識>音素意識。本研究對實驗結果進行了相應討論與分析。

In this study, a Chinese phonological awareness test tool composed of consonants, finals, tonehomophones and phoneme deletion tasks were used to test the phonetic awareness of 135 subjects,including the deaf pupils in grade 4-6 of the deaf school, the hearing-impaired pupils after CI in the4-6 Grade School of general school, and the pupils of the same age of the general school. The resultsshowed that: 1) the overall level of phonological awareness among the pupils in each group wassignificantly different. The order from low to high was the following: Deaf pupils is less than thehearing-impaired pupils after CI, even less than the hearing normal pupils.2) the phonologicalawareness level of each group in grade four or five and six increased, when the grade increased.Phonological awareness of hearing impaired pupils after CI in the same grade was higher than that ofdeaf pupils enrolled in deaf schools.3) the difference between the dimensions of each task issignificant, and the phonological awareness of deaf pupils in grade 4-6 showed: the vowelsconsciousness greater than the consonants consciousness is greater than the tone consciousnessgreater than the phoneme awareness. The experimental results were discussed and analyzed in thisstudy.