婦女團體抑或「附隨組織」：婦聯會與國民黨相互關係之探析

Women’s League or Subsidiary Organization: the Relationship of the National Women’s League and the Kuomingtang

中華婦女反共抗俄聯合會（以下均簡稱為「婦聯會」）成立於1950年4月，可說是兩蔣時代到民主化初期最重要、龐大，也是最為神祕的婦女組織。2016年5月20日民進黨政府全面執政後，為回應國人的期待而開始啟動轉型正義的工程，並陸續三讀通過「政黨及其附隨組織不當取得財產處理條例」、「促進轉型正義條例」，以及即將通過的政治檔案法等。其中，「不當黨產處理委員會」成立後，婦聯會於是成為積極追查與釐清的團體之一。

This paper surveys and analyzes relevant archival data to discuss the founding motive, main personnel, organizational structure and business interaction of the National Women's League of the Republic of China and its relationship with the Kuomingtang through the concept of transitional justice. The archival evidence available indicates that both Madame Chiang Soong Mei-ling and the Kuomingtang were instrumental to the founding and operations of the National Women’s League during the party-state period. In particular, the personnel, organization, finances, and involvment in past elections, demonstrate that the National Women’s League was a subsidiary to the Kuomingtang, and one of the more important peripheral organizations. The Kuomingtang received on behalf of, and passed on to, the National Women’s League a range of funds, including financial payments, entertainment ticket surcharge and cotton textile surcharge, surcharge for charity work for the military, defense surcharge, as well as governmental subsidies and donations. This paper finds that the so-called ''surcharge for charity work for the military'' was not a voluntary donation, but an involuntary value-added tax. Also, the range of involuntary donations that the National Women’s League relied upon for its operations required the interference of the Kuomingtang. These funds, which come from various sources across all sectors of society, were also directed towards the welfare of living and deceased veterans and their dependants, as well as select groups and professions. Some funds even overlap with Kuomingtang interests. Finally, this paper concludes with a case study regarding the operation of the Taipei Fuhsing Private School by the National Women’s League. There were complex dynamics surrounding the requisition of this former Japanese asset. The focus of this case study is on the involvement and modes of operation of the Kuomingtang, the intelligence services, and political and business leaders that can be identified through the examination of the requisition process. The result is a demonstration of how the National Women’s League acquire and process assets, and what are the unique features of the acquisition and processing that can be identified.