「結交滄若水，履道直如弦」──熊十力與梁漱冥之間的四點觀察

(Hsiung Shih-li and Liang Shu-ming's) 'Friendship is, like water, ordinary and permanent; learning is, like the string of bow, straightforward and persistent.'─ Concerning Four Observations of Hsiung Shih-li and Liang Shu-ming

同樣居立當代新儒家的第一代健將，熊十力與梁漱淇在時代的因緣際會下所開展而出的交誼，以及伴隨其半世紀交誼衍伸而來的殊多支脈，均可提供吾人對二人的學術內涵、周邊的學術同儕、時代的學術脈動以及身後的學術影響等，進行更細膩的關照與勘察。本文透過原始文獻的檢視與蒐彙、當時與後學觀點的參稽與比較，藉茲觀察圍繞於熊、梁之間的四個主題：一探生命氣象，以觀個性特質之迴別；二究學行互動，以見論學交誼之軌跡；三言履道堅持，以窺彼此學術交鋒與攻難景況；末涉學術網路，以明友朋弟子之交織互錯便概。文題「結交滄若水履道直如弦」，正標立出本文所欲呈現的二大重點，一是其論交歷程的悠長綿遠與耐人尋味；二是彼此對學術理念的護衛與堅持。透過上述基礎觀察，期為二人學術內涵的全方位索探比較，跨出第一道步履。

Hsiung Shih-li and Liang Shu-ming are representatives of the contemporary first generation neo-Confucianism. Their friendship for more than half a century and the various aspects developed from it may provide more information for further observation and understanding to their academic intension, friends and students around them, academic characteristics of the era and their academic influence. By studying their works, this article is to investigate four questions concerning Hsiung Shih-li and Liang Shu-ming: First, we explore their characteristics. Secondly, we study the course of their fifty-year friendship. Third, we observe their individual academic persistence and their questions and query for each other. Fourth, we investigate their complex interpersonal network (including friends and students). The topic of this article, 'Friendship is, like water, ordinary and permanent; learning is, like the string of bow, straightforward and persistent' (Please see the vernacular meaning at the topic above), is exactly directing to two emphases of this study: First, their long-lasting friendship; secondly, their persistence of academic concepts. By making a basic observation in this article, we hope we have taken an important step on the comparison and exploration of their academic intension.