從「漢唐之辯」談陳亮對王通思想之承繼與開展

A Discussion on the Chen Liang's Inheritance and Development on Thoughts of Wang Tong from Han-Tang Debateilk Book “Dau Yuan” ' Jiong Tong Da Xu'interpretation

宋代事功學者陳亮對隋代王通甚為推崇，其更承繼王氏之基本學術架構，強調「時變」的重要性，突出「人」為三才中心，並以此品評歷史人物。本文擬就「時異事變：時變的歷史思維」、「人能弘道：人為歷史的主體」和「七制之主：漢帝承王道之傳」三個面向，爬梳王通「推兩漢」與陳亮「尊漢唐」相承繼之關係。再者，朱熹對於王通之批判，實同於其與陳亮三代兩漢之辯論，故後文擬就「道與道統」和「王霸與義利」兩個問題，討論兩種學說之立論歧異。

Utilitarianism Scholar Chen Liang in Song Dynasty highly praised Wang Tong in Sui Dynasty and even inherited Wang's basic academic structures to stress the importance of “Time Change” and highlight that “human” is the center of three types of talents (sky, earth and human) and evaluated historical figures hereby This study sorts the inheritance relationship between Wang Tong's “advocacy of Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties “and Chen Liang's reverence for Han and Tang Dynasties” from three aspects, namely “Change of Time and Events: Historical Thoughts of Time Change”, “Human can Promote Tao: Human is the Main Body of History” and “Master of Seven Systems : Legendary of Han Emperor Inheriting the Benevolent Way”. Moreover Zhu Xi's criticism on Wang Tong is actually the same as his debate on Chen Liang 's theory about Three Generations and Western and Eastern Han Dynasties. Therefore this paper is intended to discuss the argument differences between the two theories from perspective of “Doctrine and Orthodoxy” and “Overlord and Loyalty”.