五專護理科學生特質與執業傾向之研究-以南部兩所專科學校為例

A Study of Demographic Traits and Intention of Practice Among College Nursing Students The Case of Two 5-Year Junior Colleges of Nursing in Southern Taiwan

本研究旨在探討五專護理科學生的個人特質、就讀原因對其執業傾向的影響，並比較不同學校學生執業傾向的差異，提出改善護理科學生執業傾向的建議。研究對象為台南、嘉義2所五專的護理科學生（包含新生103位、應屆畢業生98位）；研究問卷包含：新生基本資料；護理志願選擇動機、執業意願量表；及應屆畢業生基本資料及護理志願選擇動機、執業意願量表。資料以平均值、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Scheffe事後檢定等工具進行分析。研究結果顯示影響護理科學生選讀護理科系的原因，依序為薪水不錯、工作穩定、及父母建議；新生目前對於未來擔任護理人員的意願在願意（含）以上者（67.0%）高於應屆畢業生（50.0%）；不同學校之應屆畢業學生的執業傾向有差異。本研究建議學校應加強對潛在學生的父母親的溝通及宣導，強調興趣的重要性及工作的穩定性；在護理人員的養成過程中，於專業能力之外，亦應加強啟發學生對於護理之熱忱及興趣；五專護理科應於實習前提供實習壓力因應的課程或訓練，並於實習期間提供實習壓力因應的諮詢。

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of demographic traits and motivations on 5-year junior college program nursing students' will to practice nursing, and to compare the difference of practice intentions between nursing students among different colleges. The suggestions of this study may be used as a reference for improving the rate of practice of nursing students. A survey was conducted with the 103 freshmen and 98 graduating students in nursing departments of two 5-years junior colleges of Tai-Nan and Chia-Yi counties. The questionnaire used in this study covered: 1. The scale of demographic traits, motivations, and will to practice for freshmen students in the nursing department, 2. The scale of demographic traits, motivations, and intention of practice for graduating students in the nursing department. The data was analyzed using a t-test, one way ANOVA, and Scheffe test. Major findings of this study are as follows: 1. The most common motivators for students who selected the 5-year nursing colleges were high salaries, steady employment, and suggestions from parents, 2. While 67.0% of freshmen students enrolled in the nursing department showed the intention of practicing nursing as a career, only 50.0% graduating students in nursing department showed the will to practice nursing as a career; 3. The intensity of the intention of practice among graduating students is related to which 5-year nursing college they selected. Major suggestions of this study include: 1. Nursing departments of 5-year junior colleges should improve the marketing options to the parents of potential students, 2. Nursing departments should intensify students' enthusiasm and interest of their vocation in nursing; 3. Nursing departments of 5-year junior colleges should provide adequate courses, resources and consultation to help nursing students manage and adapt to the stress of clinical practice.