待罪廣李－－顏俊彥生平及《盟水齋存牘》成書的糾謬與新證

Fearfully Assuming the Duties of Prefectural Judge of Guangzhou: Revisiting Some Basic FactsConcerning the Life of Yan Junyan and His Casebook Mengshui Zhai Cundu

晚明廣州府推官顏俊彥的《盟水齋存牘》可說是當今流通最廣、討論最多的一部明代判牘結集。透過徵引新見史料及重新審視《盟水齋存牘》的內證，本文澄清了多種對顏俊彥生平的重要誤解。例如他在廣州府的任期是由崇禎元年至六年（1628-1633），期間並沒有如今人慣說的於崇禎三年「被論革職」；而《盟水齋存牘》二刻所載的案例，則是於崇禎四年至六年間顏氏第一次三年考滿之才是所審理的。除此以外，本文也考證了《盟水齋存牘》所有未標示日期的序引之寫作時地。其中最重要的發現是李樂原為介紹顏俊彥父親顏學易作品而撰寫的〈引〉，在《盟水齋存牘》約於弘光年間再版時，竟因保障銷情及流通而被借用來推介故人之子的判績。《盟水齋存牘》的例子，正反映了晚明初仕的地方官員，會視於特定地域或社群中出版及傳播其個人判顧及其他官文書為仕進的重要助力，此或解釋了當時多有這類官文書結集出版的現象。

Yan Junyan's 顏俊彥 Mengshui zhai cundu 盟水齋存牘 is one of the most widely circulated and discussed judicial casebooks from the late Ming. By consulting newly available materials as well as by revisiting internal evidence from his casebook, this paper corrects some widely accepted misunderstandings about Yan Junyan's life. For instance, Yan's judicial career in Guangdong lasted from 1628 to 1633, and did not cease in 1630 with dismissal from office as suggested by almost all modern scholars. The second installment of the Mengshui zhai cundu comprises his cases from 1631 to 1633, the second term of Yan's service as prefectural judge of Guangzhou. On top of that, all the undated and questionable prefaces of the Mengshui zhai cundu are dated and verified. It is especially worth noting that the foreword by Li Yue 李樂 was originally addressed to a work by Yan Junyan's father, but was borrowed for the second impression of the Mengshui zhai cundu, probably printed in late 1644 or 1645, to aid the circulation of his son's casebook. The example of the Mengshui zhai cundu reflects the fact that frontline officials in the late Ming considered publishing and circulating their own enlightenedjudicial judgments in targeted circles or regions to be one of the keys to securing advancement in their careers.