清末威海衛華勇營研究，1899-1906

A Study on the Chinese Regiment in Weihaiwei during the Late Qing

1898年英國租占威海衛之後，曾於1899年成立華勇營，並將其作為英軍一部參與八國聯軍之役，後於1906年解散。華勇營的歷史反映了英國政策的變化，當海軍部決定不將威海衛發展成為重要的海軍基地之後，當時負責該租借地的陸軍部決定成立一支中國人組成的軍隊負責防務與治安。華勇營以英國人為軍官，在山東、直隸等地招募了約一千名士兵，在威海衛勘界糾紛、八國聯軍之役時，取得一定的成功，但1900年前後有很多士兵逃跑，於是英方對其進行縮編。與將華勇營形象臉譜化視為「漢奸」不同，本文認為：華勇營士兵大部份是普通平凡的農村青年。

In 1898 the British occupied Weihaiwei, and in 1899, as part of the Eight-Nation Allied expedition against the Boxers, established a Chinese Regiment, which was dissolved in 1906. The history of the regiment reflected changing British policy. When the Admiralty determined that Weihaiwei would not be developed as a key naval base, the War Office decided to use Chinese troops for defence and security. About a thousand soldiers were recruited from across Shandong and Zhili to serve under British officers, and they achieved some success in the conflict of demarcation and the Eight-Nation Allied expedition against the Boxers. The regiment had some successes, but a number of soldiers ran away after 1900 and it was gradually demobilized. In contrast to a standard view of the regiments soldiers as traitors, this article shows that most were simple rural youth.