職訓機構內肢體障礙者自我觀念系統與生涯成熟的關係及其影響因素之探討

The Relationships between Self-Concept System and Career Maturity of the Orthopedically Handicapped in Vocational Training Centers and the Influential Factors

本研究之主要目的，在探討職訓機構內肢障者自我觀念系統與生涯成熟之關聯及影響其自我觀念系統與生涯成熟的有關因素。研究中，將可能影響的因素分為：個人背景與家庭環境兩大類。前者包括：年齡、教育程度、接納殘障程度、致殘年數、殘障嚴重程度、性別、與致殘時期等七項；後者包括：家庭社經地位、父親教育期望、母親教育期望、父親職業期望、母親職業期望等五項。經由對八個職訓機構內受訓的178位男、女肢障學員進行調查後，發現：一、肢障者之一般自我觀念、職業自我觀念與生涯成熟間有顯著相關。在自我觀念系統內的各個自我層面中，以職業自我觀念及社會自我，最能有效預測其生涯成熟。二、不同年齡、教育程度、接納殘障的程度、致殘年數、父親教育期望、母親教育期望、父親職業期望、母親職業期望之肢障者，在自我觀念系統與生涯成熟上有顯著差異；但不同殘障嚴重程度、性別、致殘時期與家庭社經地位之肢障者，則無顯著差異。三、肢障者之個人背景與家庭環境因素中，以接納殘障的程度最能有效預測其自我觀念系統與生涯成熟。四、肢障者之個人背景、家庭環境因索與自我觀念系統、生涯成熟間，有典型相關的關係在。透過第一個典型因素可發現，肢障者之接納殘障的程度、教育程度、父親教育期望、母親教育期望、父親職業期望、母親職業期望與年齡愈高，其在職業自我觀念、生涯發展認知、生涯發展態度與一般自我觀念上的表現愈佳。同時透過第二個典型因素可知，肢障者之教育程度與致殘年數愈高，其生涯發展認知愈成熟、但一般自我觀念則愈差。最後，根據上述之研究結果做進一步之討論，並提出若干建議與本研究之限制，以供參考。

The purposes of this study were to explore the relationships between and factors affecting self-concept system and career maturity of the orthopedically handipapped persons in vocational training centers. The subjects were 178 trainees sampled from eight vocational training centers. Instruments used in this study were: Tennessee Self Concept Scales, Vocational Self Concept Scale, Revised Career Development Inventory. The Acceptance of Disability Scales, and Personal Background & Family Environment Questionaire. AII measured affecting factors were grouped into two sets: personal background and family environment.The gathered data were analyzed and revealed as follows:1. There were significant correlations between the self-concept system and career maturity. Of all dimensions of self-concept system, vocational self concept and social self were the most significant predictors.2. Differences in subjects' age, educational level, acceptance of disability, years of onset of disability, parental educational aspiration, and parental vocational aspiration resulted in significant differences in self-concept system and career matruity. However, no significance was found in different sex, degree of disability, onset time of disability, and sociofeconomic status in subjects.3. Among all personal background and family environment factors, acceptance of disability could best predict subjects self-concept system and careet maturity.4. Canonical correlations were found between affecting factors, self-concept system, and career maturity. Based on above results, some implications were discussed and suggestions of future research were also proposed.