追求法在聽覺障礙學生語言接受力之評量與訓練研究

The Training and Evaluation of Hearing Impaired Students' Speech Reception by Tracking Method

本研究以兩階段四個實驗探討研究者所發展之追述法的實用性。研究對象包括台北市、台南市與高雄市就讀於啟聰班或資源教室的三年級重度以上聽障學生三十九名，研究中動用了六名敘述者。主要目的包括：發展追述法，探討六篇追述短文是否平行，三名被選擇的敘述者在控制的情境下是否平行，追述速率與國語文能力測驗、優耳聽閾平均值及性別之關係，以及應用追述法訓練與評量語言接受力的可行性。所得結果如下：一、六篇追述短文並無顯著差異，顯示這幾篇短文可互為複本。二、三位敘述者引發之追述速率無顯著差異，可見在控制的情境下，這三位敘述者可視為平行的敘述者。三、追述速率與國語文能力測驗之選詞、閱讀理解、總分及年級百分等級有顯著之正相關，可見語文中與追述速率相關的層面是閱讀與語詞，至於語音與語法（重組與找贅字）則沒有關係。四、性別不會造成追述速率之差異，但是女生的成績比男生略佳。五、追述速率與聽閾平均值之關係在北部與南部有不同之結果。北部負相關，南部則沒有相關。六、三位單一受試研究之對象在後測所得之成績都比前測高，由此可知應用追述法訓練語言接受力確實有效果。以上各項實驗結果顯示本研究所發展之追述法具體可行。文末並針對實務與未來之研究做了數項建議。

Two stages and four sequential studies were included in this paper. The objects of this paper were to (1) develope the tracking method, (2) to investigate if the tracking articles and the talkers were equivalent, (3) to search the relationship between the tracking rate and language receptive abilities, hearing threshold of the better ear, and gender, and (4) to check whether the method could be used to train and evaluate the speech reception of the hearing impaired students. Thirty-nine students of Taipei, Tainan, and Kaoshong city served as the subjects. The results showed the following. (1) No significant differences were found among tracking articles. It reveals that these articles could be treated as equivalent ones. (2) Talkers made no difference in the tracking rate under controlled conditon. It seems that these three talkers were equivalent under this kind of condition. (3) Tracking rate was significantly related to semantics, reading scores, total scores, and grade percentile of the language test.It indicates that reading comprehension and semantices are far more relevant to the tracking rate than are the syntax and phonetics. (4) The gender of the subjects made no difference in their tracking rates. However, girls achieved higher rate than the boys. (5) The tracking rate of the northern students was negatively related to hearing threshold of the good ear, although not to a significant degree. No significant difference was found between hearing threshold of the southern students and their tracking rate. (6) The post-tracking rates were higher than the pre-test scores. To sum it all, the tracking method developed in this study was useful.