氣候變遷對城市的經濟影響－－對臺灣城市的啟示

Economic Impacts of Climate Change at City Level: Implications for Cities in Taiwan

本文探討氣候變遷對城市所造成的經濟影響，而要進一步得知其 影響前，必須先定義經濟影響的範疇；進而，則探討城市那些層面會 受到氣候變遷的影響與衝擊，且如何以貨幣化的方式表示各種影響的 層面，以貨幣化統一方式之衡量，不僅可以進行跨城市的比較，同時 針對同 一個 城市也 可以 觀 察在時 間行 進過程 中， 相 關影響 的變 動情 形；接著則探討城市在面對這些影響下的因應對策，並探討這些因應 措施的特質及措施彼此間的關係；又文中也介紹國際各城市為因應此一問題所形成的幾個重要的聯盟與組織，最後，但卻是最重要的是， 由這些問題的探討與瞭解中，釐出台灣的城市在面對氣候變遷問題可能得到的啟示，及需要加強之處。

The purpose of this paper is to explore the economic impacts of climate change on cities and draw implications for citi es in Taiwan. In order to achieve such purpose, we firstly define the scope of economic impacts. And secondly we will discuss the impacts that cities around the world have been experienced and what the impacts that cites are projected to confront as climate change continues. The discussion will then move on to the necessity and methods for monetizing all aspects of impacts. The expressions of all impacts in monetary term can be used to observe the impacts change of any specific city along the time and compare the impacts across cities. Thirdly, the strategies and policies that cities can implement will be reviewed. The characteristics of two major policies, adaptation and mitigation, are then explored. Fourthly, we will introduce various groups and organizations, ICLEI, UCLG, C40, to comprehend cooperation and experience sharing for cities through these organizations around the world. Finally but the most importantly is to draw implications for cities in Taiwan for resolving all the related issues under climate change with the experiences from other cities and/or the selection of polices.