1952年『中日和約』的性格再議

The Nature of the 1952 Sino-Japan Peace Treaty Reconsidered

2011 年適逢『舊金山和約』締結滿一甲子，舉凡戰後台灣與中華 民國之間牽扯不清的關係，或是台灣與中國（指中華人民共和國）之 間的中、台局勢演變，亦或是維持台灣現狀（實質上是獨立狀態）等 各式政 治主 張，無 一不 成 為政治 論爭 的議題 ，甚 或 是學術 研究 的對 象。由於爭論的對象均牽涉到戰後台灣主權地位的法理基礎，特別是 戰後對日『舊金山和約』的簽訂及其規範下所簽訂的『中日和約』， 其所涉 及有 關台灣 地位 問 題更是 成為 晚近每 每觸 動 台灣學 界或 是台 灣社會尖銳對立的催化因子。因此，本文透過『中日和約』與『舊金 山和約』之間有關「條約關係」的檢討與分析，試圖重新檢視『中日 和約』的性格及其與台灣地位問題之間潛在的矛盾本質。

The year 2011 marks 60 years of the San Francisco Peace Treaty. Issues as broad as the intertwining relations between Taiwan and the Republic of China in the post-Second World War era, the dynamics between Taiwan and the People's Republic of China, or various political propositions regarding Taiwan's status quo or de facto independence, all became points of political debate or even objects of academic studies. Given that the controversies all concern the legal basis of Taiwan's sovereign status in the post-War era, which relates specifically to the San Francisco Peace Treaty and the Sino-Japan Peace Treaty that the former authorized, the question of Taiwan's status has become a factor that prompts a sharp antagonism in Taiwan's academia and society. For this reason, through reviewing and analyzing the “treaty relationship” between the San Francisco Peace Treaty and the Sino-Japan Peace Treaty, this article attempts to re-examine the nature of the Sino-Japan Peace Treaty, as well as the ambiguity it generates regarding the question of Taiwan's international status.