高齡者網路自我效能、數位健康素養與幸福感之關係：探討健康狀態與數位健康素養交互作用

The Relationship Between Internet Self-Efficacy, eHealth Literacy, and Wellbeing Among the Elderly: Exploring the Interaction Effects of Health Status and eHealth Literacy

高齡者面臨網路使用能力不足，限制其獲取健康資訊和服務的能力，影響生活品質與幸福感。本研究旨在探討高齡者的網路自我效能、數位健康素養與幸福感之間的關係，並檢視健康狀態對數位健康素養與幸福感關係的干擾作用。本研究為橫斷面調查設計，透過網路問卷以立意取樣方式，調查253位60歲以上有網路使用經驗的高齡者。研究工具包含個人背景資料問卷、WHO幸福感量表、網路自我效能量表，以及eHEALS數位健康素養量表。利用SPSS 27版和PLS-SEM模型進行資料分析，檢驗研究工具的信效度、變項間的路徑關係及干擾效果。網路自我效能正向影響數位健康素養及幸福感，數位健康素養對幸福感的直接效果不顯著，在網路自我效能與幸福感之間的中介效果亦不顯著。自覺健康狀態正向影響幸福感，且對數位健康素養與幸福感的關係具有干擾效果；亦即，當自覺健康狀態較低，提升數位健康素養才能促進幸福感。提升高齡者的網路自我效能可增強數位健康素養與幸福感，凸顯數位技能培訓的重要性，以促進健康資訊與服務的獲取能力。數位健康素養對幸福感的影響受健康狀態調節，因此建議為不同健康狀態的高齡者設計個別化的支持方案，採取相應策略以提升幸福感。

As the internet becomes essential, limited internet skills restrict the elderly from accessing health information and services, thereby affecting their well-being. This study examines how internet self-efficacy, eHealth literacy, and well-being interrelate and explores health status as a moderating factor between eHealth literacy and wellbeing. This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, using purposive sampling and an online questionnaire to investigate 253 elderly internet users aged 60 and above. The research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the WHO Well-Being Index, the Internet Self-Efficacy Scale, and the eHealth Literacy Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27 and the PLS-SEM model to assess the reliability and validity of the instruments, examine the path relationships between variables, and evaluate the moderating effects. The results revealed that internet self-efficacy positively impacts eHealth literacy and well-being. However, eHealth literacy did not directly or mediate the relationship with well-being. Self-perceived health status positively influenced well-being and moderated the link between eHealth literacy and well-being, with improvements in eHealth literacy enhancing well-being only when health status was low. Enhancing internet self-efficacy in the elderly contributes to improved eHealth literacy and well-being, highlighting the importance of internet skills training in strengthening their ability to access health resources. Since health status moderates the effect of eHealth literacy on well-being, tailored support programs and strategies are advised to enhance well-being for elderly individuals with diverse health conditions.