Contagious Democracy? A Historical Case for a Defensive Normative Approach for the EU’s Cross-Strait Policy

擴散性的民主？歐盟對兩岸政策防禦性規範路徑的歷史性論證

本文概述了1975年以來歐盟對兩岸關係政策的主要演變。正如本文所顯示的，如今的一些發展標誌著歐盟政策的重大轉變，在歷史上，歐盟政策的特點是外交上的無動於衷、對於害怕損害與中華人民共和國的外交關係的焦慮，以及對支持臺灣成功過渡到民主社會似乎並不感興趣。最近的轉變表明歐盟決心在全球舞臺上發揮規範性作用。正如最後一部分所主張的，「具有防禦特點的規範性」使歐盟在境外追求具有原則的「務實主義」，從而使其在與中國保持密切的經濟關係的同時，還能支持像臺灣這樣的政治同道者，最終在世界舞臺上將自己塑造成一個規範性力量。

This study provides an overview of the major evolutions in the European Union’s (EU) policy toward cross-Strait relations since 1975. Recent developments signify a major shift in the EU’s policy, which historically has been characterized by diplomatic impassivity, anxiety about jeopardizing relations with the People’s Republic of China (PRC), and seemingly little interest in supporting Taiwan’s successful transition to democracy. The recent change of tack is indicative of the EU’s determination to develop a normative role on the global stage. “Defensive normativity” might enable the EU to pursue its “principled pragmatism” abroad, enabling it to maintain strong economic relations with the PRC while supporting a like-minded partner, such as Taiwan, to profile itself as a normative power on the world stage.