歐盟對中政策的行動邏輯：以戰略夥伴到體制對手之轉變及歐中全面投資協定談判為例

The Action Logic of EU’s Policy toward China: The Cases of Variation from Comprehensive Strategic Partnership to Systematic Rival and the Negotiation of the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment

隨著近年來國際局勢轉變，歐中關係在2019年似出現一個劇烈轉折。歐盟在「歐中戰略展望」文件中，首次提出「經濟競爭者」乃至於「體制對手」的描述，轉變其早前將中國定義為夥伴關係的角色，似乎意味著對中政策將轉為強硬。然而2020年底，歐中完成了歐中全面投資協議的談判，又將歐中關係調整為正面發展。本文將剖析歐盟在「歐中戰略展望」文件及歐中全面投資協議談判中的行動邏輯，以「權力邏輯」及「轉化邏輯」兩面向來分析歐盟在採取對中政策的考量及挑戰，及探究歐盟在短時間內快速轉變政策方向之原因。

With a shift in global politics, European Union (EU)-China relations seem to have reached a critical juncture in 2019. The EU defined China as an economic competitor and systematic rival in the “EU-China Strategic Outlook,” changing the role of China from the previous strategic partnership. It appears the EU would take a tougher stance toward China. However, in 2020, the EU and China completed the negotiation of the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI), returning the EU-China relations to a rather positive track. This study examines the action logic of the EU in the “EU-China Strategic Outlook” and the CAI negotiation and analyzes this action by the dimensions of the “power-based logic” and “transformative logic.” Moreover, it explores the reasons behind the rapid shift of EU policies.