從既存到轉型的能源政策路徑：浮現中的電力供應重新配置體制（1998-2020）

From Incumbent to Transitional Energy Policy: An Emerging Reconfiguration Pathway for Taiwan’s Electricity Supply (1998-2020)

自1998年第一次全國能源會議討論改變電力結構，迄今廿餘年該議題仍是能源政策轉變的重心，惟因牽涉核電而使相關政策更形複雜。本文參酌國家中心能源政策架構原型，蒐羅國內外歷年能源結構、全國能源會議結論、能源政策綱領與原則、行動方案、相關法案討論等資料，試圖解析我國電力供給政策架構之既存路徑、變遷歷程及關鍵行動者等，另提出符合臺灣脈絡的架構。本文認為2016年後，我國政策架構漸呈轉型理論中重新配置路徑的雛形，而有別於其他國家的替代或變形模式。然而，啟動中的轉型尚未形成足夠動量，目前仍有許多挑戰，本文亦予分析。

The change in the electricity generation structure has been openly debated since the First National Energy Conference in 1998, embedded within the historical context of Taiwan’s controversy over nuclear power after two decades. This has been one of the trickier issues that has generated political conflict until now. Using a state-centered energy framework as a theoretical reference and focusing on analyzing the materials of the National Energy Conferences, energy policy frameworks, and official energy data over the past three decades, this paper proposes a way to explain Taiwan’s national electricity framework in line with the context and how it works and changes over time. This paper also argues that the political structure of electricity generation presented a reconfiguration pathway after 2016 that differs from the substitute and transformation modes in other countries. However, this transition needs to confront and resolve a series of challenges, which this paper attempts to address.