離岸風電如何推動地方創生？以桃園麗威和日本北九州響灘離岸風電開發案為例

How Offshore Wind Energy Leads to Local Revitalization: The Cases of Taiwan’s Li-Wei Project in Taoyuan and Japan’s Hibiki Project in Kitakyushu

離岸風電具有資本與技術的高門檻，為確保發展成果能促成在地永續發展，本文參考IEA和國際經驗，提出「產業投資和經濟帶動」、「多元化在地共利機制」、「在地參與和夥伴關係」與「能力建構導向之相關政策配合」四項指標檢視其促成地方創生之成效。
本文據此分析比較臺灣桃園麗威和北九州響灘兩案，總結出要讓離岸風電與地方產業願景融合，需要：(1)在選址、規劃和遴選過程中賦予地方主導角色和參與決定權；(2)有對地方能源創生具有支持性的培力體系，以及(3)建立可落實離岸風電利害關係人參與和融合的明確法制，才有利其與地方互利共榮。

Offshore wind energy has been characterized as capital and technology-intensive industry. To probe its overall impact and particularly potential benefit on local sustainability development, this article adopts four parameters that drew from IEA and other international practices: “local investment and economy bolstering,” “diverse local benefit-sharing mechanism,” “local participation and partnership,” and “capacity-building oriented policies” to examine the effect of offshore wind energy on local revitalization.
By comparing Taiwan’s Liwei project in Taoyuan and its Japanese counterpart, Hibiki project in Kitakyushu, this article concludes that it requires 1. granting local leadership while ensuring local citizens’ participation into decision-making throughout siting, assessment, and selection procedures; 2. building a supportive system to empower local capacity on exercising energy projects for revitalization; 3. constructing credible regulations to guarantee stakeholders’ participation and integration so that a long-term reciprocal relation between offshore wind developments and local welfares can be shaped.