Introduction: This study aimed to explore the achievement goals of male and female college taekwondo athletes across various competition levels in the country. Methods: Utilizing random sampling and questionnaire surveys, the study focused on participants from the 2020 National Intercollegiate Athletic Games of Taekwondo Championship, totaling 128 individuals, including 87 participants from the open category and 41 from the general category. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, independent sample two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and other statistical methods. Results: 1. There were no significant differences in achievement goal variables among different genders. 2. Among different competition categories, most variables related to achievement goals did not exhibit significant differences, except for the aspect of performance-avoidance, which showed a significant difference. Conclusion: College taekwondo athletes of different genders and competition levels did not show significant statistical differences in terms of achievement goals. It is suggested to tailor specific achievement goals for athletes at different levels to maximize their psychological abilities and motivations for optimal outcomes.