沉浸式虛擬實境師資訓練軟體之研發：以講述與問答技巧為例

The Development of the Immersive Virtual Reality Software for Teacher Training: Lecture and Questioning Skills

本研究旨在介紹用以訓練講述與問答技巧的師資培育虛擬實境軟體，此軟體主要作為師資生教學技巧訓練之輔助工具，訓練重點包括講述時能盡量關注到所有學生，提問後能提供學生充足之候答時間，學生回答後能複述及肯定學生之教學技巧。此軟體採用沉浸式虛擬實境技術，運用Unity 3D程式製作，其情境為一間設置有12位虛擬學生之虛擬教室。使用過程中，師資生透過頭戴式裝置沉浸至虛擬教室中進行教學模擬演練，研究人員則透過滑鼠與鍵盤控制虛擬學生之動作以回應之。此軟體可蒐集並呈現師資生教學模擬過程中關注每位虛擬學生之次數百分比、提問後所提供之候答時間，以及肯定複述虛擬學生回應之次數等相關數據。為使此軟體更臻完善，本研究邀請中、小學教師、資訊管理與師資培育專長之教授共八位專家擔任諮詢委員，各召開一場專家諮詢會議（共八場）以檢視軟體之設計。專家諮詢結果顯示，委員們多肯定目前軟體內涵與訓練機制之設計，並提出增加虛擬教室擬真度、虛擬學生異質性、調整候答時間與理答技巧訓練機制，以及改善結果數據呈現等建議。本研究依據專家建議調整軟體內涵並作為軟體效能測試之基礎，後續亦將邀請師資生擔任使用者測試此軟體之訓練效果。

The study presents an immersive virtual reality software for training lecture and questioning skills. This software will be used as a teacher training tool, focusing on making eye contact with all students, giving enough waiting time for students to respond after questioning, and giving feedback to students’ responses. We used the immersive virtual reality technique and Unity 3D to produce the software. The system’s core is a 3D immersive virtual classroom populated by twelve virtual students. The pre-service teachers will immerse themselves in the virtual classroom by a head-mounted display during the simulation process. The researchers will control the movements and responses of the student avatars by a mouse and a keyboard. The software will collect the data regarding the percentage of users’ eye contact with each virtual student, the waiting time after questioning, and the number of giving feedback to virtual students’ responses. We invited eight specialists, including teachers from primary and secondary schools as well as professors with expertise in information management and teacher education, to hold eight consultation meetings to review the design of the software. The results of the consultation meetings showed that the specialists affirmed the design of the software and training mechanisms. They also suggested increasing the fidelity of the virtual classroom and the heterogeneity of virtual students, adjusting the waiting time and answering skills training mechanism, and improving the presentation of training data. The study will adjust the software’s design and test the software’s effectiveness based on the consultation results.