試論姚琮《味筍齋詩鈔》的詩學關懷與離散書寫

The Discussion on the Writing of Relocating to Taiwan and Poetics in Yao Cong’s Wei Sun Zhai Shi Chao

姚琮（1889-1977）作為國民黨高級將領，自廿三歲學習古典詩創作，歷經中日戰爭、國共內戰。六十歲渡臺後，其特殊的生命經驗與詩歌創作，成為觀照50、60年代臺灣古典詩壇的獨特面向。姚琮詩集《味筍齋詩鈔》在臺灣三度付梓，各種詩集多處刪改與重寫，於詩作汰選與內容加筆、減筆之間，可一窺其晚年審美傾向。渡臺以後，姚琮夾雜於黨國大我與詩人小我之間，面臨世界變動、身分轉換與老年迫近，其古典詩的意象、選題與觀察方式產生巨變。從其詩作中緬懷故鄉、臺灣經驗與詩學關懷等不同主題，古典詩寫作成為其面對新世界、新時間的文化框架，而詩教的文化光輝與古典詩的抒情言志，也成為姚琮於海隅孤島找到自身定位、聯繫舊我的心靈南鍼。

Yao Cong (1889-1977) has been writing classical poetry since he was 23. As a high-ranking officer in Kuomintang, he served in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. After relocating to Taiwan at the age of 60, his life experiences and poetry have created a unique style which has a place in Taiwan’s classical poetry circle during 1950s and 1960s. Yao Cong’s Wei Sun Zhai Shi Chao had been published three times in Taiwan. By delving into the multiple revisions and rewriting of his poems, readers could analyze the aesthetic transformation in his later years. After residing in Taiwan, Yao had been in identity crisis as he faced global turbulence, shift of identity and old age, influencing the imagery, themes and perspectives of his classical poetry greatly. The writing of classical poetry has become the cultural frame for him to face the new world and new era by writing about nostalgia, Taiwan experiences and his dedication to poetry. The cultural heritage as well as lyricism of classical poetry have guided Yao Cong to reconstruct his self-identity and connect his past self with his current life on the peripheral island.