採遊戲式學習教育平台之科學教育活動設計

Design of Scientific Education Activities Based Upon the Game-Based Learning Platform

自然科學教學的原理基礎為假設－驗證，其中透過觀察、探索、發現、發問、討論等方式，以誘發為了解決問題的高層次思考，如分析、批判、創造。因此科學學習的概念，需要讓學生透過觀察現象學習知識、從做中學，但是常常沒有一個很好的實驗環境，提供學生操作與學習。因此，本研究將科學教育活動的設計，採行e-Learning 的理念，設計e-GBL（e-Game based Learning，簡稱e-GBL）遊戲式學習平台的教學環境。以e-GBL 平台的創意及導入步驟，將複雜且艱難的科學活動課程，建構出一套完整的知識體系，打破科學教育無法重複實驗的侷限；設計多元化且可重複演練及觀察的科學教育課程，協助學生在e-GBL 平台中，虛擬香蕉的培育經驗，認識植物的成長，實踐做中學的理念，由教師引導學生反思錯誤的關鍵，進而學習正確的科學知識。然而系統導入的流程具有一定的困難度，需考量如何選定課程範圍、設計出有教學意義的學習活動、進行系統面之導入規劃，並且分析其教學與設計成效等議題。故本研究提出導入資訊系統種種複雜的步驟與歷程，為科學教育量身訂作一套e-GBL 的教學情境，以供未來各科教學之參考架構。並以國中生為研究對象，以實驗研究法、教師行動研究法、思考風格問卷及半結構式的晤談，進行多面向的學習成果分析，其研究發現，導入e-GBL 的教學活動設計，除了較易引發學生自我學習的意願之外，亦可進行同儕分組學習，發現各組不同思考模式的學生有其不同的思考風格，進行學習與探究。

In the scientific education domain， as we know， students usually need to learn scientific conceptions through experimental experience. However， it is almost impossible to teach some experiments in the classroom， such as fruit planting in nature science courses. With the growth of e-learning technology， simulated or game-based experimental platforms have been developed. In this paper， we aim to simulate the planting of bananas to help students efficiently understand the growth of bananas based on the computer Game-Based Learning system， e-GBL. With e-GBL， the manipulative operations can be replayed several times， the complex and difficult curriculum can be decomposed into a set of knowledge units， and the “learning by doing” strategy can be put into practice. In addition， the multiple criteria， including learning satisfaction， learning effectiveness， and the learning portfolio feedback analysis are taken into consideration when evaluating the learning performance of students. Experimental results from applying the prototype system show that the innovative approach is helpful to the students in improving their learning efficacy.