評估初步設計構想的新穎性尺度──評論與補充

Novelty Metrics for Evaluating Preliminary Design Ideas - Review and Supplements

本研究針對評估初步設計構想的「新穎性尺度」進行深入探討與補充。由於現有的新穎性尺度在使用上存在操作複雜、適用性不一與缺乏通用屬性等問題，導致初學者或實務工作者難以應用。為此，本文旨在檢視五種既有新穎性尺度之定義與計算方式，並透過實證研究建立一套更具通用性的執行方式。研究方法包括：（1）文獻回顧與比較分析；（2）調查182件初步構想並進行創意性與新穎性評分；（3）應用問卷調查與多點創意評估法（MPCA）建立新穎性屬性與權重。研究結果包括：（1）建立新穎性的10項通用屬性。（2）針對四種設計主題，提出適當的新穎性屬性。（3）學生與專家受測者選擇的新穎性屬性及其差異。（4）應用MPCA決定屬性的權重。（5）分析新穎性尺度在創意評分中所佔的比例。以及（6）設計草圖表達各項新穎性屬性的程度。本文最後提供實務操作上的具體建議供設計評估者參考與執行。

This paper conducts an in-depth examination and supplementation of the ''novelty metric'' used to evaluate preliminary design ideas. Existing novelty metrics are often criticized for being complex to operate, inconsistent in applicability, and lacking in universal attributes, making them difficult for novices and practitioners to apply. To address these issues, this paper reviews the definitions and calculation approaches of five existing novelty metrics and then establishes a more universally applicable implementation approach through empirical research. The research methods include:（1）literature review and comparative analysis;（2）evaluation of 182 preliminary ideas using creativity rating scales and novelty metrics; and（3）the application of surveys and the Multi-Point Creativity Assessment（MPCA）method to establish novelty attributes and their corresponding weights. The research results include:（1）the establishment of ten universal novelty attributes;（2）identification of appropriate novelty attributes for four different design topics;（3）the differences in attribute selection between student and expert participants;（4）determination of attribute weights using MPCA;（5）analysis of the proportion of novelty in overall creativity ratings; and（6）assessment of the degree to which design sketches can express each novelty attribute. Finally, the paper proposes practical recommendations for designers to support the effective implementation of novelty-based evaluations.