阿塞拜疆民事立法法典化：歷史、現狀和發展前景

Codification of Civil Legislation in Azerbaijan: History, Current Status, and Development Prospects

在阿塞拜疆，《民法典》作為國家法律體系中重要的法律文件，具有“經濟憲法”之稱。本文回顧了阿塞拜疆在蘇維埃時期和後蘇維埃時期的民事立法歷程，重點探討了民法典在市場經濟和公民權利保護中的作用。阿塞拜疆獨立後，民事法律體系經歷了從計劃經濟向市場經濟過渡的挑戰。本文分析了當前立法面臨的主要問題，如條文適用性、一致性、法律執行力，以及數字經濟背景下的現代化需求。為此，提出了修訂現行法律、加強實施、推動法律創新等建議，旨在為未來民法改革提供理論支持和實踐指導。

InAzerbaijan,theCivilCode,asanimportantlegaldocumentwithinthenationallegalsystem,isreferredtoasthe"EconomicConstitution".ThisarticlereviewsthedevelopmentofcivillegislationduringSovietandpost-Sovietperiods,focusingontheroleoftheCivilCodeinprotectingcitizens'rightsandsupportingthemarketeconomy.AfterAzerbaijangainedindependence,itscivillegalsystemfacedchallengestransitioningfromaplannedeconomytoamarketeconomy.Thisarticleanalyzesthekeyissuesfacedbycurrentlegislation,suchastheapplicabilityandconsistencyofprovisions,legalenforcement,andtheneedformodernizationinthecontextofthedigitaleconomy.Accordingly,suggestionsaremadetoreviseexistinglaws,strengthenimplementation,andpromotelegalinnovation,withtheaimofprovidingtheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforfuturecivillawreforms.