方回《文選顏鮑謝詩評》對六臣注之容受與創發

The Debt to the Commentaries of the Six Ministers and New Ideas in Fang Hui’s Wenxuan YanBaoXie shiping

方回（1227-1307）是宋元之際知名的詩人及詩評家，其所著《文選顏鮑謝詩評》遵循《文選》中之詩歌分類及詩人順序，摘錄顏延年（384-456）十六首、謝靈運（385-433）三十九首、謝瞻（386-421）五首、謝惠連（407-433）四首、鮑照（414-466）十八首、謝朓（464-499）二十一首詩歌，加以評語編輯而成，為「選詩」專題研究之先驅。
綜觀《文選顏鮑謝詩評》評騭內容包括：考訂創作背景、敍述史事、注解典故與字詞出處、疏通詩意、詮釋詩旨、分析結構、補正舊注、揭示承傳與影響、評論詩人、摘句賞析、綜合評價、抒發個人體驗與感興等，可謂取向多元、批評有度。本論文乃擇其要者，就考時述事、釋詞疏意及抒發詩學見解等方面研析《詩評》的因襲與創發。
在考時述事與釋詞疏義方面，雖然頗多承繼六臣，尤其是李善（630-689）舊注，但亦往往得見衍發及補正李善注解疏誤的卓見。至於方回在評語中所表達的個人詩學見解，如：以作品論人格、標舉建安風味與體法、明示元嘉詩歌對唐宋近體詩的影響，以及古、近體轉型期的儷句品賞等，均頗獨到。《四庫提要》雖然列舉若干方回評論的疏失，但「小小舛論，亦所不免，要不害其大體」，對研讀「選詩」仍具有頗高的參考價值；再者，此書亦可得見宋末元初詩評家對顏、鮑、謝詩歌容受之一斑。

Fang Hui (1227-1307) was a famous poet and poetry critic of the late Song early Yuan period. His Wenxuan YanBaoXie shiping (A Critique of the Poems of Yan Yannian, Bao Zhao, Xie Lingyun et al. in Selections of Refined Literature) follows the classification of poems and the order of poets in the Wenxuan (Selections of Refined Literature), and is a compilation with pingdian commentary on 16 poems of Yan Yannian (384-456), 39 poems of Xie Lingyun (385-433), 5 poems of Xie Zhan (386-421), 4 poems of Xie Huilian (407-433), 18 poems of Bao Zhao (414-466) and 21 poems of Xie Tiao (464-499). This work is a forerunner in specialized studies on poems in the Wenxuan.
Fang Hui’s commentaries in his work are varied, and his critique is sound. His commentaries include the following: study of the background of composition, commentary on historical events, explanation of allusions and the origin of words and phrases, explication of meaning and main ideas in the poems, analysis of structure, supplementing and correcting the commentaries of the six ministers, explication of earlier models of the poems and their subsequent influence, critique of poets, appreciation and analysis of lines, overall evaluation, and expression of personal experience and feelings. This article focuses on Fang Hui’s debt to previous commentators and his new ideas, including his explication of the historical background of the poems and of the phrases and meaning, and his views on poetry.
Fang Hui’s explication of the historical background of the poems and of the phrases and meaning owes a large debt to the commentaries of the six ministers, and