江州地帶與南朝詩歌的關係

A Study on the Relation Between Jiangzhou District and Poet Laureate of Southern Sovereignty

歷來研究六朝文史的學者大都會注意到「荊、揚之爭」對南朝政局的影響。但若進一層探究之：荊、揚雖在大結構上顯著地牽動著南朝政局之安定，實際上夾處其間的「江州地帶」，則更有牽一髮而動全身的樞紐作用。由於近年來兩岸學者開始興起以「區域研究」的視角介入南朝文化之剖析，故「江州地帶」的文學研究也逐漸受到重視。然而筆者早在二十年前即以《荊雍地帶與南朝詩歌關係之研究》，展開地域文化的試探性討論，並藉由南朝特殊的地方官制─「州府雙軌制」與區域性格交錯而成的網脈，探觸其對南朝詩歌發展所形成的微妙結構。
今更擬廣納諸賢佳著的成果，重新全面性地探討身處荊、揚兩地之間江州文學的特殊位階。首先將逐一考察東晉、宋、齊、梁、陳之際江州刺史的府主，與其重要的文人僚佐，藉以勾勒出風雅文士游仕江州的文化活動與現象，及其品題江州山水的美學特質。並再進一步對照荊州、揚州與江州之間文學寫作風格可能出現的差異性。處於荊、揚相爭之文化衝突與政權對抗下，江州文學如何保持其平淡詩風與隱逸特質；而在「州府雙軌制」的權力結構中，如何促使府主及其下文人幕僚有更多親臨江州之機緣，也使得江州文學括含著外籍文人之游仕經歷，與本地文人書寫視角、主題關懷之交錯，更藉由江州之精神象徵─「廬山」，來說明江州地帶於南朝時期所蘊藏的宗教意涵，與士大夫精神圖騰的特徵。

Most scholars, who major in Chinese literature and history, will advert to “rivalry between Jingzhou and Yangzhou district” affecting political situation of southern sovereignty. Furthermore for advanced researching, Jingzhou and Yangzhou district the constant authority of southern sovereignty, but actually Jiangzhou district is the axis. Latterly, experts in Taiwan and Mainland China assume an approach “ district analysis” to interpret the culture of southern sovereignty, and gradually accent on the literature study of “ Jiangzhou district ”. However, before twenty years, I have deliberated upon “Study on the relation between Jingzhou-Yong zhou district and poet laureate of southern sovereignty” extending the study of district culture, and took an concept “Dual track of province and prefecture” contacting with district essential of southern sovereignty to explore the marvelous change of development of poet laureate of southern sovereignty.
Now, I glean performance from most researchers and retake “Jiangzhou literature” as an argument to debate its specific status between Jingzhou and Yangzhou district. I, firstly, inspect these Jiangzhou dominion commanders, and their staff assistants, at Dongjin, Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen periods, for drawing cultural phenomenon and synthesizing important works about scenery with hills and waters of Jiangzhou, secondly, compare diversities among Jingzhou, Yangzhou and Jiangzhou districts, and through this research, I believe, could find out the interaction between locality and midst culture at southern sovereignty.
Additionally, Jiangzhou literature, how to keep pabulum poetry and hermitage quality, is in culture clash and pendulous situation between Jingzhou and Yangzhou districts；under the power construction of “Dual track of province and prefecture”, not only promotes dominion commanders and their staff could confront Jiangzhou district, but also includes writing purposes and subjects of these writers of local and outer districts, moreover, illustrate religion value and spiritual totem of paradise of literati in the Jiangzhou district by spiritual allegory “Mountain Lu” at southern sovereignty.