老人健康自評、生活改變和生命意義與其生活滿意之關係

THE EFFECTS OF SELF-EVALUATION OF HEALTH, LIFE CHANGES, AND PURPOSE IN LIFE: TOWARD LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG THE ELDERLY

本研究的目的在於探討健康自評、生活改變及生命意義與老人生活滿意的關係。研究對象係按性別和城鄉的特性隨抽取了臺北大都會中的600位65歲以上的老人。所有的受試均經由受過訓練的訪員，分別被訪問其健康自評、生活改變、生命意義及生活滿意等量表。所得資料主要採用逐步多元廻歸分析、變異數分析、因素分析和相關考驗，並使用SPSS統計軟體套裝程式進行資料分析。結果發現：(1)健康自評、生活改變和生命意義對老人的生活滿意具有顯著的影響，以及(2)在所有的人口變項中，不同的居住狀況、職業、教育程度、經濟滿意度、婚姻狀況、婚姻滿意度、有無子女、子女是否在身邊等八個基本特性，老人生活滿意具有顯著的預測效力。

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-evaluation of health, life changes and purpose in life toward life satisfaction among the elderly. 600 subjects aged over 65 years old were randomly selected from Taipei Metropolitan Area. All subjects were interviewed by trained interviewers. The data were analyzed by step-wise multiple regression, ANOVA, factor analysis & correlation. The results were as follows: 1) self-evaluation of health, life changes, and purpose in life are the most important factors affecting life satisfaction of the elderly; 2) among all demographic variables, the following factors have made their significant contributions to predict life satisfaction of the elderly: living condition, vocation, degree of education, degree of financial satisfaction, marital condition, degree of marital satisfaction, having children or not, and whether children living nearby or not.