人際習慣與心理健康之關係

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION HABITS AND MENTAL HEALTH

本研究之目的在於探討人際習慣與心理健康之關係。根據柯氏心理健康定義，本研究提出以下三項假設：(1)良好人際習慣的多寡與積極心理健康成顯著的正向關係，而與消極心理健康成顯著的負向關係。(2)不良人際習慣的多寡與積極心理健康成顯著的負向關係，而與消極心理健康成顯著的正向關係。(3)良好習慣多不良習慣少者其心理健康最佳；良好習慣少不良習慣多者其心理健康最不佳；良好習慣多不良習慣也多者和良好習慣少不良習慣也少者，其心理健康居中。以348名大學男生及293名大學女生為對象，而以自編之人際習慣量表（包含良好人際習慣與不良人際習慣兩個分量表）及柯氏性格量表（1985）（亦包含積極心理健康與消極心理健康兩個分量表）為工具，進行研究後，發現本研究之三項假設均獲得支持。在討論部分，筆者討論社會讚許分數對於人際習慣與心理健康的關係可能造成的混淆作用；人際習慣之測量可再兼及人際互動時之思考及期待習慣，以增進預測效度及應用價值。筆者亦指出良好及不良人際習慣之評量，應考慮性別差異；並指出進一步量表效度之研究方法。最後，筆者討論較能預測心理健康之良好及不良人際習慣，並建議未來可對不同人際習慣因素與心理健康因素進行質的關係之探討。

This study examined the relationship between interpersonal communication habits and mental health. Three hypotheses derived from Ko's defenition of mental health were tested: (1) The numbers of good interpersonal communication habits are positively correlated with the positive aspect of mental health, but negatively with the negative aspect of mental health. (2) The numbers of bad interpersonal communication habits are negatively correlated with the positive aspect of mental health, but positively with the negative aspect of mental health. (3) The persons with many good habits but few bad habits are better in the standing of mental health than those who have many good and bad habits, those who have few good and bad habits, and those who have only a few good habits but many bad habits. The scale of interpersonal communictation habits and Ko's Mental Health Questionnaire (1985) were administrated to 348 male and 293 female university students. The results supported the above three hypotheses. Some methodological considerations and furthur resarch directions were disscussed.