大一學生焦慮及憂鬱症狀羣研究

A CONTINUING STUDY OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS OF UNIVERSITY FRESHMPN

本文旨在探討大一學生心理焦慮及憂鬱現象之症狀，並對性別及學院之不同作比較研究，以為學生輔導機構作為輔導學生之參考。以筆者所編製的「曾氏心理健康表量」為工具，中國文化大學一年級學生571名（男328人、女243人）為對象進行研究。本研究發現大一女生顯示出比男生感到焦慮和憂鬱，而在焦慮和憂鬱症狀的表現上，大致相同，唯仍有部分差異，差異部分顯示在「情感或心理上的症狀」為多，「生理症狀」較少。其中男生比女生容易手腳顫動、發抖、手指與足趾發麻和刺痛、性慾減低；而女生比男生容易緊張、焦慮、無故恐懼、煩惱、驚慌、覺得要崩潰、情緒低落、憂鬱、哭泣或想哭、發覺體重減輕。各學院間學生的焦慮和憂鬱程度，有顯著性不同；而在焦慮和憂鬱症狀上的表現，大致相同，不過亦有少數不同之處，例如：緊張、焦慮、恐懼、煩惱、驚慌、崩潰、呼吸不順暢、時常要上廁所、哭泣或想哭、頭腦不淸晰、無法和往常一様做事。

This paper consists of a continuing investigation of two mental health indicates which often cripple the university students affectively. It purports to identify the differential stats of anxiety and depression among incoming Freshmen as an approach to preventive mental health at the Students Mental Health and Guidance Center of the Chinese Culture University. Zung's cross-cultural research tools; namely, the Self-Administered Anxiety and Self-Administered Depression Scales (SAS SDS, Zung, 1965, 1971, 1974, 1979) were translated, tested, retested, and standardized for the Chinese university student population (Miao. 1976, 1977, 1981, Miao and Huang, 1984). At the end of each diagnostic survey of a stratified random sample, those, students indicating moderate and severe levels of anxiety or/and depression were invited to go to the Center for interview and therapeutic intervention. If necessity called for, students would be referred to psychiatric treatment. Sample of the present study consisted of 571 subjects (328 males and 243 females) from 6 colleges. Quantitative and qualitative aspects of the affective status of the subjects were analyzed and compared. Implications for preventive mental health and therapeutic intervention were also discussed.