社區居民對精神病患的概念與態度

COMMUNITY CONCEPT AND ATTITUDES TOWARD MENTALLY ILL

社區心理衛生保健工作的推展應以居民的心理衛生服務需求的評估為基礎；社區居民對精神病患的概念與態度即為社區心理衛生服務需求的主要指標之一。根據303位社區成年人樣本的反應，本研究結果發現：(1)受試者普遍對精神病患抱著慈悲心懷，也能接受現代社區心理衛生理念，但有一半比例的受試者對精神病患主張權威主義。(2)受試者對精神疾病處理方式主要受到個人對精神疾病歸因影響，而歸因的看法則受到對精神病患的態度與信念的作用比較大。(3)隨著時代的演進，社區民眾對精神疾病的歸因有傾向多元化趨勢；然而居民肯定民俗療法的比例卻不受時空因素的影嚮。上述結果，在社區心理衛生教育及防治工作方面的意涵，本文有一步的討論。

Community neees on the mental health services are assessed by mfans of community concepts and attitudes toward mentally ill measurements. According to the responses of 303 community adults, the results showed that: 1. Most of the sudjects tend to hold benevolent attitude toward mentally ill patients. They also accept the community mental health ideology. However, about half of them still express authoritarian attitudes toward patients. 2. Tendency of help-seeking behbvior amoung subjects was influenced mainly by their opinions about the attributions of nental illness. And, the attributions of the mental illness were determined largely by the attitudes aod concepts of subjects toward mentally ill patients. 3. The subjedts tend to hold a multi-causative viewpoint toward memtal illness etiplogy as time goes by. However, about 20% to 30% of the subjects still believe in the so-called traditional healers. The implications of these results for educbtion and intervention of community mental health will be further discussed .