小教師資生撰寫教案經驗之研究

A Study on the Lesson Planning Experiences of Elementary Pre-service Teachers

本研究旨在探討國小師資生撰寫教案之經驗。研究對象為某師培機構修習國民小學教育學程的師資生。研究者以自編之線上問卷進行隨機調查，回收有效問卷103份。另外，研究者隨機邀請13位師資生進行半結構訪談。資料經分析後，研究結果如下：一、幾乎所有師資生均具有撰寫教案的經驗，約七成三曾設計五份以上教案，近六成曾自主練習教案的設計。二、撰寫教案很費時，師資生會運用不同資源協助設計。最大的助力是觀摩別人的教案，約七成六的師資生曾運用AI協助教案設計。三、師資生撰寫教案時會遇到不同問題，最多人遇到的問題是無法判斷自己設計出的教案有何特色及優缺點。四、約五成師資生自評自己具備設計好教案的知識與能力，約八成五師資生認為撰寫教案對專業能力有幫助，但僅三成二喜歡這項活動。五、師資生建議師培機構能專門開設撰寫教案的課程或工作坊，建議師培教授提供具體教案範例外，能依教案元素逐項進行教導、示範並提供審閱的回饋，並指導評析教案的方法。

This study aimed to explore the lesson planning experiences of elementary pre-service teachers. The participants were students enrolled in an elementary teacher education program at a university of teacher education. Data were collected through a self-developed online questionnaire, with 103 valid responses. In addition, 13 pre-service teachers were randomly selected for semi-structured interviews. The findings are as follows: 1. Nearly all pre-service teachers had experience in lesson planning; approximately 73% had designed more than five lesson plans, and nearly 60% had practiced lesson planning independently. 2. Lesson planning was time-consuming. Pre-service teachers utilized various resources to support their planning. The most helpful strategy was reviewing others' lesson plans, and about 76% of the participants had used AI tools to assist in lesson design. 3. Pre-service teachers encountered various difficulties in lesson planning, the most common being their inability to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of their own lesson plans. 4. Around 50% of the participants believed they had the knowledge and ability to design effective lesson plans. While about 85% agreed that lesson planning contributed to their professional development, only 32% enjoyed the process. 5. Pre-service teachers suggested that teacher education programs should offer dedicated courses or workshops on lesson planning. They also recommended that teacher educators provide concrete examples and teach each component of a lesson plan through modeling and feedback. Additionally, they recommended providing guidance on how to analyze and evaluate lesson plans.