記一種近百年前台南腔——《勸業用台灣語實習資料》研究

A Study on the Tainan Dialect from Nearly A Century Ago——Research on“Practical Materials for Encouraging Industry in Taiwanese”

台南通常認為是漳腔本營，洪惟仁（2019）即稱台南為「臺南偏漳山混合腔區」，但實際上台南腔爭議頗大，諸如：「鼠、語」等皆念如泉腔tshu51、gu51，市區入柳聲母念如泉腔l，如「字」li33，也使得台南腔調更加難以斷定。
也因此台南腔之研究，無法停止於共時方言調查，現今之方言調查無法解決台南腔之爭論，故此有賴於更早期歷時資料幫助，才能朔本清源，找出其漳、泉音參雜之原由。
因此本文以1930年《勸業用台灣語實習資料》整本日治會話書之豐碩資料，重建近百年前台南腔聲、韻、調，以及語詞資料，觀測當時漳泉音韻之變化與走向，以此重新發現台南腔之淵源與演化！

Tainan is generally considered the stronghold of the Zhang-Zhou(漳州) dialect. Hong-Wei-Ren (洪惟仁2019) referred to Tainan as a“mixed dialect area of Zhang-Zhou and Quan-Zhou(泉州).”However, the Tainan dialect is quite controversial. For example, words like“mouse”and“language”are pronounced as tshu51 and gu51, similar to the Quan-Zhou dialect. The initial consonant of the entering tone in the urban area is pronounced as like“character(字)”li33, making the Tainan dialect even harder to define.
Therefore, the study of the Tainan dialect cannot be limited to synchronic dialect surveys. Current dialect surveys cannot resolve the controversies of the Tainan dialect. Hence, it relies on earlier diachronic data to trace the origins and find the reasons for the mixture of Zhang-Zhou and Quan-Zhou sounds.
This paper uses the rich data from the entire Japanese colonial conversation book“Practical Materials for Encouraging Industry in Taiwanese”from 1930 to reconstruct the sounds, rhymes, tones, and vocabulary of the Tainan dialect from nearly a century ago. It observes the changes and trends in the Zhang-Zhou and Quan-Zhou phonology at that time to rediscover the origins and evolution of the Tainan dialect.