印度重塑「全球南方」領導者的動因與外交策略：「巴拉特」理念在G20的實踐

India’s Motivation and Diplomatic Strategy in Reshaping the Leadership of the“Global South”: The Practice of the“Bharat”Concept in the G20

2023年是印度實踐多邊外交成果豐碩的一年。從7月主辦「上海合作組織」高峰會、8月莫迪總理出席南非舉行的金磚國家高峰會，到最後9月回本國以「主場外交」的優勢舉辦「二十國集團」（G20）會議。特別在G20峰會期間引發關注的是，莫迪總理先是在國名上使用源自古梵文的「巴拉特」取代「印度」一詞，並宣布印度將成為代表「全球南方」國家2023年是印度實踐多邊外交成果豐碩的一年。從7月主辦「上海合作組織」高峰會、8月莫迪總理出席南非舉行的金磚國家高峰會，到最後9月回本國以「主場外交」的優勢舉辦「二十國集團」（G20）會議。特別在G20峰會期間引發關注的是，莫迪總理先是在國名上使用源自古梵文的「巴拉特」取代「印度」一詞，並宣布印度將成為代表「全球南方」國家

The year 2023 was a landmark for India’s multilateral diplomatic achievements. From hosting the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit in July to Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s participation in the BRICS Summit in South Africa in August, and finally leveraging the advantages of“host diplomacy”in September by organizing the G20 Summit in India. A key moment during the G20 Summit that drew significant attention was Prime Minister Modi’s decision to use“Bharat”, a term rooted in ancient Sanskrit, instead of“India”for the country’s official designation. Additionally, Modi declared India as the leader representing the“Global South”and later chaired the“Voice of the Global South: Human-Centric Development”Summit. By fully utilizing its role as the host nation, India actively promoted issues critical to developing countries, showcasing Modi’s diplomatic acumen. As the“Bharat”concept and the“Global South”narrative gain increasing prominence in India’s foreign policy, the country’s role within international multilateral institutions will continue to evolve. Moreover, these diplomatic strategies are set to have profound implications for power dynamics in the Indo-Pacific region. This paper will further examine India’s vision for the global order under the“Bharat”framework and how it seeks to strengthen cooperation with like-minded nations based on this concept.