中高齡退休人力再就業之研究

Post-retirement Employment for Middle-aged and Senior Labor Force

延後退休年齡已是全球化趨勢，台灣社會卻有勞動力「提早退休」的現象，是人力資源的浪費，也造成整體社會的財政負擔。有鑑於此，本研究從勞動供給面的角度，使用衛福部國民健康署「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查系列研究」2011年第七波調查進行次級資料分析。以描述性統計及邏輯斯迴歸分析結果顯示，目前工作中的中高齡退休者比例高於完全退休閒賦者。而教育程度、疾病數量、配偶就業情形、家計負擔者、以及夫妻總收入，對中高齡退休者從事再就業行為具有顯著影響。多元退休途徑已是世界潮流，因此應重視國人身心健康、創造友善高齡就業環境、讓企業落實漸進式退休規劃，以延長國人就業年齡、緩解勞動力缺口之問題。

In case of shrinking labor force due to aging population, delaying retirement is a global trend. However, earlier retirement has been a prevalent phenomenon in Taiwan which contributes to a waste of human resources and heavier financial burden of the social. Regarding this, this study analyzes the secondary data, 2011 Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging Survey Report by the Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, to use descriptive statistics and logistic regression to figure out the significant variables from the recent employment status. The motivation for post-retirement employment are low education, less diseases, working spouses, breadwinners and household income more than 1,000 thousand. As diverse retirement is an unmistakable trend, being committed to national health promotion, aged-friendly employment and practice gradual (or phased) retirement program would extend the average working age of the people and solve work force shortage problems.