新竹縣國三學生自然領域學習成就與教師教學輔導重點之研究

Research on the Natural Science Learning Achievements of Grade 9th Students and the Focused Empowerment of Teachers' Teaching Counseling in Hsinchu County

本研究針對新竹縣與全國其他地區國民中學之學生在國中自然領域基本學力模擬測驗學習成就表現差異情形，藉總結性診斷，將分析結果與評量命題設計相聯結，以探討新竹縣學生在學科概念與認知能力之弱勢所在，進而提出教學建議，找出教學策略的輔導方向，提供現場教師教學參考之用。主要目的如下：
(一)比較本縣與全國國三學生在自然領域之模擬測驗成就表現差異。
(二)分析本縣國三學生在自然領域認知向度能力的表現差異。
(三)分析本縣國三學生在自然領域之個別學科領域概念學習優劣情形。
(四)探討自然領域學科概念學習弱勢與教學輔導方針。
本研究採友誠圖書出版有限公司所提供之97、98、99學年度九年級基本學力模擬測驗全國各地測驗結果資料為依據，以古典測驗理論（classical test theory, CTT）及試題反應理論（item response theory, IRT）進行試題特性及受試者能力分析，分別獲得新竹縣與其他地區在自然領域試題之難度參數，並以獨立樣本T檢定進行差異分析，以了解新竹縣與全國學生在自然領域學習成就之差異情形。此外，就試題難度量尺比較項目，以試題反應理論為基礎，採用WINSTEPS軟體個別進行全國和新竹縣之試題難度值，將所獲得的試題難度值由簡到難進行排序獲得試題難度量尺。
最後針對新竹縣學生與其他地區學生在此模擬測驗表現之差異情形，探討新竹縣學生在學科概念與認知能力之弱勢所在，另針對試題難度值的排序順序差數比較，找出差異較大的試題進行試題內容討論，進而提出教學建議，提供新竹縣現場教師教學參考。

The study was based on the comparison of Natural Science learning achievements of the grade 9th students in the Basic Mocks among Hsinchu County and other local areas. By way of summative diagnosis, it linked the analytical results and the design of assessment to investigate the weaknesses in Natural science concepts and cognitive ability of the students in Hsinchu County and then proposed teaching suggestions and found teaching strategies for the direction of counseling as well as provided on-site teachers with some teaching references. The main purposes were as the following:
1.To compare of Natural science learning achievements of the grade 9th students in the Basic Mocks among Hsinchu county and other local areas.
2.To analysis the distribution of Hsinchu County's grade 9th students in cognitive taxonomy of Natural Science learning.
3.To analysis learning between high and low performances of Hsinchu County's grade 9th students in the concepts of the Natural science learning.
4.To explore the weaknesses in the concepts of Natural science learning and direction of teaching counseling.
The study used the research method of a secondary analysis (Secondary data analysis) and used only the results of grade 9th students in the Basic Mocks of 97, 98 and 99 school years provided by You Chen publishing co. , ltd. The participants included in the test were 29 junior high schools of 6500-6600 grade 9th students in Hsinchu County and 262-291 schools of 85,300-106,200 9 grade 9th students in 19-23 cities and countries.
Using Classical Test Theory (classical test theory, CTT) and Item Response Theory（Item Response Theory, IRT） to analyze the item characteristics and ability of the participants so as to understand item difficulty parameter . Moreover, independence T sample testing for variance analysis was used to understand the different achievements in Hsinchu County and other areas around the nation. Besides,
The WinStep software was also used to know item measure in which the item difficult scale was derived.
Finally it investigated at the different performances of the test among Hsinchu County and other areas in order to explore the weaknesses of the County students in Natural science concepts and cognitive ability. Moreover, discussions about the items that had high degree differences by item measure were carried out in order to propose teaching suggestions and provide on-site teachers with some teaching references.