社群網路之公民參與：整合性的觀點分析

Civic Participation in Social Networks: an Analysis from the Perspective of Integration

公民參與是健全民主制度的重要方式，隨著網路科技的進步，參與公共事務的新管道也在逐漸發展，其中社群網路之公民參與最大的優勢在於降低參與成本，並擴大參與機會，對於公民參與的發展無疑是一個新契機。然而，實務上少數活躍於公共事務的網路使用者，經常透過社群網路中的評論、貼文或留言影響他人想法，致使社群網路成為少數人發聲的管道，產生網路公民參與之鴻溝。因此，探究影響社群網路公民參與之因素，就成為當前促進社群網路公民參與之重要課題。 本研究從政治效能感與網路信任切入，作為影響社群網路公民參與之主要原因，另以個人層次、資訊層次及宏觀層次，整合性分析影響網路政治效能感之因素，進而提出「社群網路公民參與研究模式」，並運用結構方程模式加以驗證。研究發現，資訊層次之政府資訊透明度與宏觀層次之網路信任對於網路政治效能感均有正向的影響。此外，網路政治效能感及網路信任對於社群網路公民參與均有正向的影響，且網路信任亦透過網路政治效能感間接影響社群網路公民參與。

Civic participation is an important way to improve the democratic system. Individuals or groups use specific actions to solve public problems and enable the community to develop toward a better direction. With the advancement of Internet technology, new channels for participating in public affairs are gradually developing. Among them, the advantage of citizen participation in social networks is to reduce participation costs and expand participation opportunities. Undoubtedly, this is a new opportunity for the development of citizen participation. However, due to differences in users’ interests in public affairs, social networks have created a gap in participation. A small number of Internet users who are active in public affairs influence the ideas of others through comments, posts or messages on the social network. It causes the social network to become a channel for a few people to express their opinions. Therefore, how to strengthen civic participation that users are willing to engage in social networks has become an important topic at present. This research starts from the sense of political efficacy as the main factor that affects citizen participation in social networks. It also analyzes the factors that affect political efficacy at the individual level, information level, and macro level. This research proposes ''Civic Participation Model'', and use the structural equation model to verify. This research found that, first of all, the civic participation model of social networks has the goodness of fit and can be used as a civic participation framework for analyzing social networks. In addition, in the path analysis, government transparency at the information level and online trust at the macro level have a positive impact on political efficacy. Finally, political efficacy and online trust have a positive impact on civic participation in social networks, and online trust indirectly affects civic participation in social networks through political efficacy.