中國大陸社會信用體系之研究

A Study of the Social Credit System of Mainland China

本文研究中國大陸社會信用體系（social credit system，SCS）的歷史過程、組織架構、運作機制，以及體系特質。本文認為，喬治．歐威爾《一九八四》書中描述的「老大哥」（Big Brother），傅柯（Michel Foucault）引用邊沁（Jeremy Bentham）的構想所發展的圓形監獄（Panopticon）論述，均難以充分解說社會信用體系的社會與政治意涵。相對地，治理性（governmentality）與生命政治（biopolitics）、規訓權力（disciplinary power）、生命權力（bio-power）的論述，比較能夠讓我們更全面地剖析這社會信用體系如何利用實體的與數位的治理性技術，規訓人民的個人身體，調控國家人口的社會身體，推動中國的政治經濟轉型，重建社會信任的文化。

The paper investigates the Social Credit System (SCS) of Mainland China, illustrating the historical process, organizational framework, operating mechanism, and systemic characteristics. It is argued that both the 'Big Brother' portrayed in the Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell and the Panopticon discourse developed by Michel Foucault drawing from Jeremy Bentham are not capable of giving us a satisfactory account of the social and political implications of the SCS. Rather, the discourses of governmentality, biopolitics, disciplinary and bio-power are better alternatives for us to understand to what extent the SCS has been using physical and digital techniques to discipline the individual body of the people and regulating the social body of the national population, which promotes Chinese politico-economic structural transition and reconstructs the culture of social trust.