時間的分裂與接合──通過梅洛龐蒂、柏格森與德勒茲思考時間

Disintegration and overlapping of time: Thinking the time through Merleau-Ponty, Bergson and Deleuze

梅洛龐蒂之「現在具優先性」的時間思考，「我本身就是時間」的主張，恰恰與另一位當代法國哲學家德勒茲之主張一種與我無關，也與現在無關，「只與一個非個人的瞬間（l’instant impersonnel）有關聯，這個瞬間分裂成尚未到來與已經過去」的時間思想，形成某種張力，而張力的形成，不但與兩位哲學家對柏格森時間概念的理解或解釋有關，也在於兩位哲學家都通過分裂與接合來探索時間。本文除了探討梅洛龐蒂與德勒茲兩位哲學家對於時間的分裂與接合的思考之外，亦試圖思考這兩種哲學思想的分裂與接合的可能。

According to Merleau-Ponty’s thinking of time, not only“the present enjoys a privilege”, but“I am myself time”. Nevertheless, according to Deleuze, the time is“in no relation to me, nor to a moment determinable as the present, except an impersonal instant which is divided into still-future and already-past”. A tension exists between those two philosophers: the different comprehension about Bergson’s notion of time on the one hand, and thinking the time by way of disintegration and overlapping on the other.