以類都市共有建構治理之永續性？臺北市有房地發展公民電廠之機制策略探析

Quasi-Urban Commons to Sustain Governance? Analyzing the Mechanisms and Strategies of Community Energy Programs on Municipality-Owned Properties in Taipei

本文透過合作城市與都市共有理論，分析臺北市有公用房舍公民電廠招標制度，探討市政府如何經由政策干預與制度調適，讓公有設施可永續作為公民電廠案址，方法結合歷史分析、半結構訪談與案場紀錄。首先梳理國內公有建築設置光電系統歷程，再分析市有房舍公民電廠之機制與操作策略，發現政策具將都市共有化意涵，但因考慮光電市場利基與公私協力現況，由傳產投資之社會企業導入群眾募資挹注社福團體，以兼顧市場利益與公益性，形成適合國內政治經濟脈絡之「類都市共有」，市府以此實現公私協力治理、集資共利與技術創新等合作城市精神，但因限制民眾之決策參與，也缺乏開發電廠之公民培力與社區營造功能，使政策之社會轉型貢獻不足，值得再加檢視。

By means of the co-cities and urban commons scholarship, this article analyzes Taipei City’s“community energy on municipality-owned buildings programs”as a case study. The research methods include historical analysis, semi-structured interviews with key actors, and onsite observation. The article explores how the city government uses policy intervention and legal adjustments to make the roofs of public facilities sustainably used as new sites for community energy projects. First, we review the history of building solar PV systems in domestic public buildings, and then analyze the mechanisms and strategies for establishing community solar in city-owned buildings. The analysis finds that traditional solar manufacturers, in consideration of the need for public-private governance stability in the solar PV market, have ventured into social enterprises using solar crowdfunding platforms as leverage for local charities to create market niches and public goods. We develop the concept of“quasi-urban commons”to characterize the solar commons produced through mechanisms responsive to the political-economic context in Taiwan. Although these initiatives share the spirit of co-cities, such as collective governance, economic pooling, and technical innovation, they did not facilitate social transitions by empowering citizens to initiate community-based solar programs, and this deserves further investigation.