陶淵明〈擬古詩〉模擬方式與創作動機析論

The simulated method and creative motive of Tao Yuanming's ''Nigushi''

陶淵明之作雖曰〈擬古詩〉，但與陸機〈擬古詩〉不同，前者並未說明模擬的對象。從文本內容來看，陶淵明或是雜擬多首〈古詩〉而成，或是模擬〈古詩〉以外的漢魏詩歌，甚或是模擬今已不存的〈古詩〉，這幾點構成了陶淵明〈擬古詩〉與陸機之作的區別，也顯示了陶淵明看待〈古詩〉的方式與陸機不同。通過比較〈擬古詩〉及陶淵明其餘詩歌，可以發現〈擬古詩〉試圖建構一個含混的言說主體以抒情言志，學習〈古詩〉含混的抒情方式。

Although Tao Yuanming's work is called ''Nigushi'', it is different from Lu Ji's work which Tao's work does not specify the object of simulation. From the content of the text, Tao Yuanming may have simulated a variety of ''Gushi'', or simulated Han and Wei poems, or even simulated ''Gushi'' that no longer exist. These points constitute the difference between Tao Yuanming's ''Nigushi'' and Lu Ji's, and also show that Tao's way of looking at ''Gushi'' is different from Lu Ji's. By comparing ''Nigushi'' with Tao's other poems, we can find that ''Nigushi'' attempts to construct an ambiguous subject to express and learn the lyrical method of ''Gushi''.