《吳音辣體字典》中的「辣體漢字」理論析探

The Analyze and Discuss of La Ti Han Zi Theory in Wu Yin La Ti Zi Dian

《吳音辣體字典》發行於1940年，不著撰人。該書藉由「辣體漢字」理論，以羅馬字母進行吳音記錄。「辣體漢字」理論又稱R.I.理論，創制人為傳教士Henri Lamasse與Emest Jasmin。Henri Lamasse與Emest Jasmin為避免各地方言的分歧，導致記錄上複雜窒礙，其發明的「辣體漢字」理論是以漢語中古音讀作為標誌基礎，再分別進行方音規律的轉變。若單就《吳音辣體字典》的內容，難以釐清「辣體漢字」理論的原則，須透過La romanisation interdialectique: Ecriture alphabetique naturelle et pratique de lalangue chinoise及《中國音韻學研究》，可對於該理論有著進一步的掌握。《吳音辣體字典》所記錄的「吳音」，應屬近代上海語音系統，且相較於Henri Lamasse與Ernest Jasmin，《吳音辣體字典》的作者更為熟捻上海語音的特徵，此亦呈現「辣體漢字」理論在創發之後，各處方言記錄應用的成果。

Wu Yin La Ti Zi Dian was published in 1940, without writer. This book record Wu dialect with Roman alphabet by using La Ti Han Zi Theory. La Ti Han Zi Theory can also be called as the R.I. Theory and was created by Missionaries Henri Lamasse and Ernest Jasmin. To avoid the disagreement in local dialects and not to lead to difficulty of record, Henri Lamasse and Ernest Jasmin invented La Ti Han Zi Theory by taking ancient Chinese pronunciation as symbolize basic, then did the convert of dialect rules. If we just look at contents of Wu Yin La Ti Zi Dian, it’s hard to clarify the principle of La Ti Han Zi Theory. We can learn more about this theory by taking La romanisation interdialectique:　Ecriture alphabetique naturelle et pratique de la langue chinoise andÉtudes sur la Phonologie Chinoise as reference. The Wu dialect record in Wu Yin La Ti Zi Dian belongs to Shanghai phonetic system. Compare with Henri Lamasse and Ernest Jasmin’s theory, the author of Wu Yin La Ti Zi Dian could be more familiar with characteristics of Shanghai phonetic. This also present relevant achievements of every dialect record after the invention of La Ti Han Zi Theory.