全球治理研究作為跨國界及跨領域計畫：回顧、批判與展望

Global Governance Studies as a Transnational and Transdisciplinary Project: Review, Critique, and Prospect

冷戰後全球經貿整合加速，針對國家社會化的論爭成為全球治理研究的濫觴。不同於政府，「治理」係指眾多行動者，透過分歧觀點與利益之協商，共同或分別管理的動態過程，而反全球化浪潮中崛起的全球公民社會及新興知識菁英階級，成為社會學研究介入重點。本文梳理相關文獻，尤其關照「國際法與國際關係交織論」研究旨趣及國際法社會學及國際政治社會學所提出來之知識論與方法論上的批判，對照全球治理研究在臺灣的發展，主要呈現四大主題：阻礙全球治理之霸權政治、公民社會跨國串連、亟需跨國合作之議題（如犯罪防治）及臺灣定位。然而，大部分文獻欠缺規範層次的討論，故本文最後以全球衛生為例，指出以人權為基礎等「善治」理念如何融入於全球衛生治理實踐中，卻在側重權力關係之政治分析中被邊緣化了。

Since the end of the Cold War, global economic and trade integration has accelerated; debates around the‘socialisation’of nation-states have provoked the emergence of Global Governance Studies. Unlike‘government’,‘governance’refers to a dynamic process, jointly or separately, managed by multiple actors through negotiating divergent views and interests. The rise of a global civil society, the network of political elites, and the knowledge class arising from the anti-globalisation movement have become the focus of sociologists. This article first maps out the research interests, drawing on the perspective of the intersections of international law and international relations, and considers the critical approaches of both the sociology of international law and international political sociology. Compared to the development of Global Governance Studies in Taiwan, this article systematically reviews the literature produced in Taiwan. Taiwanese research on global governance can be thematised into four categories: hegemony that hinders global governance, the transnational articulation of civil societies, various issues that require international cooperation (e.g. crime prevention), and Taiwan’s (re)positioning in the world–primarily concerned with governance mechanisms and distribution of responsibilities, with a lack of exploration of norms. Lastly, taking global health as an example, this article identifies how the normative principles of human rights-based‘good governance’have been subtly practised in global health governance and yet much neglected by political analyses that attend disproportionately to power dynamics between actors.